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The movement of ionic solutions is an essential part of biology and technology. Fluidics, from nano- to micro- to microfluidics, is a burgeoning area of technology which is all about the movement of ionic solutions, on various scales. Many…
Molecular motors play pivotal roles in organizing the interior of cells. A motor efficient in cargo transport would move along cytoskeletal filaments with a high speed and a minimal error in transport distance (or time) while consuming a…
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are a promising clean energy technology, offering high efficiency and near-zero operational emissions for stationery and automotive applications. However, their widespread adoption remains…
We give an explicit formula for the membrane potential of cells in terms of the intracellular and extracellular ionic concentrations, and derive equations for the ionic currents that flow through channels, exchangers and electrogenic pumps.…
Virtually all cells use energy and ion-specific membrane pumps to maintain large transmembrane gradients of Na$^+$, K$^+$, Cl$^-$, Mg$^{++}$, and Ca$^{++}$. Although they consume up to 1/3 of a cell's energy budget, the corresponding…
All living cells transport molecules and ions across membranes, often against concentration gradients. This active transport requires continual energy expenditure and is clearly a nonequilibrium process for which standard equilibrium…
Unassisted ion transport through lipid membranes plays a crucial role in many cell functions without which life would not be possible, yet the precise mechanism behind the process remains unknown due to its molecular complexity. Here, we…
Intelligent transport of molecular species across different barriers is critical for various biological functions and is achieved through the unique properties of biological membranes. An essential feature of intelligent transport is the…
Biomolecular machines consume free energy to break symmetry and make directed progress. Nonequilibrium ATP concentrations are the typical free energy source, with one cycle of a molecular machine consuming a certain number of ATP, providing…
Ion transport is the major determining factor of salinity tolerance in plants. A simple scheme of a plant cell with ion fluxes provides basic understanding of ion transport and the corresponding changes of ion concentrations under salinity.…
We give an explicit formula for the membrane potential of cells in terms of the intracellular and extracellular ionic concentrations, and derive equations for the ionic currents that flow through channels, exchangers and electrogenic pumps…
We investigate the outflux of ions through the channels in a cell membrane. The channels undergo an open/close cycle according to a periodic schedule. Our study is based both on theoretical considerations relying on homogenization theory,…
The problem of formulating a thermodynamically-consistent finite internal partition function (IPF) in nonideal hydrogen plasma systems is investigated and analyzed within the chemical picture revealing inaccuracies and inconsistencies…
Membranes selective to ions of the same charge are increasingly sought for wastewater processing and valuable element recovery. However, while narrow channels are known to be essential, other membrane parameters remain difficult to identify…
We investigate the dynamics of water confined in soft ionic nano-assemblies, an issue critical for a general understanding of the multi-scale structure-function interplay in advanced materials. We focus in particular on hydrated…
Inter-cell interference is one of the main limiting factors in current Heterogeneous Cellular Networks (HCNs). Uplink Fractional Power Control (FPC) is a well known method that aims to cope with such limiting factor as well as to save…
Malignant membranes cluster nutrient transporters within glycan-rich domains, sustaining metabolism through redundant intake routes. A theoretical framework links interfacial chemistry to transport suppression and energetic or redox…
It is well known that the Solar System is presently moving through a partially ionized local interstellar medium. This gives rise to a counter-flow situation requiring a consistent description of behaviour of the two fluids -- ions and…
Modulating ion transport through nanoporous membranes is critical to many important chemical and biological separation processes. The corresponding transport timescales, however, are often too long to capture accurately using conventional…
We present theory for ion and water transport through reverse osmosis membranes based on a Maxwell-Stefan framework combined with hydrodynamic theory for the reduced motion of particles in thin pores. We include all driving forces and…