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Real-world reinforcement learning (RL) environments, whether in robotics or industrial settings, often involve non-visual observations and require not only efficient but also reliable and thus interpretable and flexible RL approaches. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Moritz Lange , Noah Krystiniak , Raphael C. Engelhardt , Wolfgang Konen , Laurenz Wiskott

Recent work has described neural-network-based agents that are trained with reinforcement learning (RL) to execute language-like commands in simulated worlds, as a step towards an intelligent agent or robot that can be instructed by human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Felix Hill , Sona Mokra , Nathaniel Wong , Tim Harley

In this work we propose an approach to learn a robust policy for solving the pivoting task. Recently, several model-free continuous control algorithms were shown to learn successful policies without prior knowledge of the dynamics of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Rika Antonova , Silvia Cruciani , Christian Smith , Danica Kragic

Simulation offers a scalable and low-cost way to enrich vision-language-action (VLA) training, reducing reliance on expensive real-robot demonstrations. However, most sim-real co-training methods rely on supervised fine-tuning (SFT), which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Liangzhi Shi , Shuaihang Chen , Feng Gao , Yinuo Chen , Kang Chen , Tonghe Zhang , Hongzhi Zang , Weinan Zhang , Chao Yu , Yu Wang

Robot learning requires a considerable amount of high-quality data to realize the promise of generalization. However, large data sets are costly to collect in the real world. Physics simulators can cheaply generate vast data sets with broad…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven its worth in a series of artificial domains, and is beginning to show some successes in real-world scenarios. However, much of the research advances in RL are hard to leverage in real-world systems due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Gabriel Dulac-Arnold , Nir Levine , Daniel J. Mankowitz , Jerry Li , Cosmin Paduraru , Sven Gowal , Todd Hester

Simulation-based reinforcement learning (RL) has significantly advanced humanoid locomotion tasks, yet direct real-world RL from scratch or adapting from pretrained policies remains rare, limiting the full potential of humanoid robots.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Kaizhe Hu , Haochen Shi , Yao He , Weizhuo Wang , C. Karen Liu , Shuran Song

Accuracy and generalization of dynamics models is key to the success of model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL). As the complexity of tasks increases, so does the sample inefficiency of learning accurate dynamics models. However, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Manan Tomar , Amy Zhang , Roberto Calandra , Matthew E. Taylor , Joelle Pineau

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an agent-based approach for teaching robots to navigate within the physical world. Gathering data for RL is known to be a laborious task, and real-world experiments can be risky. Simulators facilitate the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Jack Saunders , Sajad Saeedi , Wenbin Li

Simulation-to-reality reinforcement learning (RL) faces the critical challenge of reconciling discrepancies between simulated and real-world dynamics, which can severely degrade agent performance. A promising approach involves learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 JB Lanier , Kyungmin Kim , Armin Karamzade , Yifei Liu , Ankita Sinha , Kat He , Davide Corsi , Roy Fox

The combinatorial explosion that plagues planning and reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can be moderated using state abstraction. Prohibitively large task representations can be condensed such that essential information is preserved,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-17 David Abel , D. Ellis Hershkowitz , Michael L. Littman

The advent of tactile sensors in robotics has sparked many ideas on how robots can leverage direct contact measurements of their environment interactions to improve manipulation tasks. An important line of research in this regard is that of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Luca Lach , Robert Haschke , Davide Tateo , Jan Peters , Helge Ritter , Júlia Borràs , Carme Torras

Reinforcement learning is considered as a promising direction for driving policy learning. However, training autonomous driving vehicle with reinforcement learning in real environment involves non-affordable trial-and-error. It is more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Xinlei Pan , Yurong You , Ziyan Wang , Cewu Lu

Robots which make use of soft or compliant inter- actions often leverage tendon-driven actuation which enables actuators to be placed more flexibly, and compliance to be maintained. However, controlling complex tendon systems is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Valentin Yuryev , Josie Hughes

The main challenge in learning image-conditioned robotic policies is acquiring a visual representation conducive to low-level control. Due to the high dimensionality of the image space, learning a good visual representation requires a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Albert Yu , Adeline Foote , Raymond Mooney , Roberto Martín-Martín

Despite recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL), many problems, especially real-world tasks, remain prohibitively expensive to learn. To address this issue, several lines of research have explored how tasks, or data samples…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Yash Shukla , Christopher Thierauf , Ramtin Hosseini , Gyan Tatiya , Jivko Sinapov

If we want to train robots in simulation before deploying them in reality, it seems natural and almost self-evident to presume that reducing the sim2real gap involves creating simulators of increasing fidelity (since reality is what it is).…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Joanne Truong , Max Rudolph , Naoki Yokoyama , Sonia Chernova , Dhruv Batra , Akshara Rai

Reinforcement learning encounters many challenges when applied directly in the real world. Sim-to-real transfer is widely used to transfer the knowledge learned from simulation to the real world. Domain randomization -- one of the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Xiaoyu Chen , Jiachen Hu , Chi Jin , Lihong Li , Liwei Wang

Due to limited resources and public safety concerns, deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents for many cyber-physical systems (e.g., autonomous vehicles) are first trained in simulators. However, when deployed in real world environments,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Gengyue Han , Yiheng Feng

Learning from few demonstrations to develop policies robust to variations in robot initial positions and object poses is a problem of significant practical interest in robotics. Compared to imitation learning, which often struggles to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Haowen Sun , Han Wang , Chengzhong Ma , Shaolong Zhang , Jiawei Ye , Xingyu Chen , Xuguang Lan
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