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Active metasurfaces have recently emerged as compact, lightweight, and efficient platforms for dynamic control of electromagnetic fields and optical responses. However, the complexities associated with their post-fabrication tunability…

The phase-matching condition is a key aspect in nonlinear wavelength conversion processes, which requires the momenta of the photons involved in the processes to be conserved. Conventionally, nonlinear phase matching is achieved using…

Nonlinear nanostructured surfaces provide a paradigm shift in nonlinear optics with new ways to control and manipulate frequency conversion processes at the nanoscale, also offering novel opportunities for applications in photonics,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-11-07 Kirill Koshelev , Yutao Tang , Kingfai Li , Duk-Yong Choi , Guixin Li , Yuri Kivshar

Expanding the use of physical degrees of freedom to employ spatial multiplexing of data in optical communication is considered the most disruptive and effective solution to meet the capacity demand of the growing information traffic.…

Spatiotemporal metasurfaces, characterized by dynamic variations in both space and time, enable functionalities unattainable with passive metasurfaces. In this study, we propose a novel concept of parametric metasurfaces capable of…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-14 Fedor V. Kovalev , Ilya V. Shadrivov

Metasurfaces, composed of subwavelength scattering elements, have demonstrated remarkable control over the transmitted amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. However, manipulating the amplitude upon transmission has required loss if a…

Designing reconfigurable metasurfaces that can dynamically control scattered electromagnetic waves and work in the near-infrared (NIR) and optical regimes remains a challenging task, which is hindered by the static material property and…

Tunable metasurfaces enable active and on-demand control over optical wavefronts through reconfigurable scattering of resonant nanostructures. Here, we present novel insights inspired by mechanical metamaterials to achieve giant tunability…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-31 Freek van Gorp , Wenfeng Liu , Corentin Coulais , Jorik van de Groep

Metasurface has emerged as a powerful platform for controlling light at subwavelength thickness, enabling new functionalities for imaging, polarization manipulation, and angular momentum conversion within a flat surface. We explored an…

Breaking reciprocity in the microwave frequency range will have important implications for modern electronic systems. Since it usually involves bulky biasing magnets or complex spatial-temporal modulations, exploring a lightweight,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-05-04 Xiaozhen Yang , Erda Wen , Daniel F. Sievenpiper

Tunable nonlinearity facilitates the creation of reconfigurable nonlinear metasurfaces, enabling innovative applications in signal processing, light switching, and sensing. This paper presents a novel approach to electrically modulate SHG…

Subwavelength planar structured interfaces, also known as metasurfaces, are ultra-thin optical elements modulating the amplitude, phase, and polarization of incident light using nanostructures called meta-atoms. The optical properties of…

Optics · Physics 2023-02-01 Saeed Hemayat , Liyi Hsu , Jeongho Ha , Abdoulaye Ndao

Optical resonances in nanostructures enable strong enhancement of nonlinear processes at the nanoscale, such as second-harmonic generation (SHG), with high-$Q$ modes providing intensified light--matter interactions and sharp spectral…

The evolution of programmable metasurfaces (PM) from passive beamforming to active information transmission marks a paradigm shift for next-generation wireless systems. However, this transition is hindered by fundamental limitations in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xuehui Dong , Miyu Feng , Chen Shao , Bokai Lai , Jianan Zhang , Rujing Xiong , Kai Wan , Tiebin Mi , Robert Caiming Qiu

Recently, a special class of Huygens' surfaces has been proposed which are capable of manipulation of transmitted wavefronts while exhibiting high transparency over a broad range of frequencies. In this work we propose and study a new…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-09-19 M. Londono , A. Sayanskiy , J. L. Araque-Quijano , S. B. Glybovski , J. D. Baena

Mid-infrared spectroscopy enables biochemical sensing by identifying vibrational molecular fingerprints, but it faces limitations in instrumentation portability and analytical sensitivity. Optical metasurfaces with strong mid-IR photonic…

Optical metasurfaces performing analog image processing - such as spatial differentiation and edge detection - hold the potential to reduce processing times and power consumption, while avoiding bulky 4F lens systems. However, current…

Optics · Physics 2023-11-08 Michele Cotrufo , Akshaj Arora , Sahitya Singh , Andrea Alù

Optical metasurfaces enable to engineer the electromagnetic space and control light propagation at an unprecedented level, offering a powerful tool to achieve modulation of light over multiple physical dimensions. Here, we demonstrate a…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-02 Tingting Liu , Zhou Han , Junyi Duan , Shuyuan Xiao

A key concept underlying the specific functionalities of metasurfaces, i.e. arrays of subwavelength nanoparticles, is the use of constituent components to shape the wavefront of the light, on-demand. Metasurfaces are versatile and novel…

Reconfigurable metasurfaces are potent platforms to control the propagation properties of light dynamically. Among different reconfiguration mechanisms available at optical frequencies, using non-volatile phase change materials is one of…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-03 Luis Manuel Máñez-Espina , Ana Díaz-Rubio