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Dynamic quantum circuits incorporate mid-circuit measurements and feed-forward operations originally intended to realize Quantum Error Correction. This paradigm has recently been utilized to prepare certain states and long-range entangling…

Simulating noisy quantum circuits is vital in designing and verifying quantum algorithms in the current NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era, where quantum noise is unavoidable. However, it is much more inefficient than the classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Mingyu Huang , Ji Guan , Wang Fang , Mingsheng Ying

Simulating the unitary dynamics of a quantum system is a fundamental problem of quantum mechanics, in which quantum computers are believed to have significant advantage over their classical counterparts. One prominent such instance is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 John M. Martyn , Yuan Liu , Zachary E. Chin , Isaac L. Chuang

In measurement-based quantum computing an algorithm is performed by measurements on highly-entangled resource states. To date, several implementations were demonstrated, all of them assuming perfect noise-free environments. Here we consider…

Quantum cellular automata are alternative quantum-computing paradigms to quantum Turing machines and quantum circuits. Their working mechanisms are inherently automated, therefore measurement free, and they act in a translation invariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-28 Thiago L. M. Guedes , Don Winter , Markus Müller

Quantum utility has been severely limited in superconducting quantum hardware until now by the modest number of qubits and the relatively high level of control and readout errors, due to the intentional coupling with the external…

Since simulating quantum computers requires exponentially more classical resources, efficient algorithms are extremely helpful. We analyze algorithms that create single qubit and specific controlled qubit matrix representations of gates.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric Hsu

Quantum machine learning (QML) leverages quantum computing for classical inference, furnishes the processing of quantum data with machine-learning methods, and provides quantum algorithms adapted to noisy devices. Typically, QML proposals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Luis Mantilla Calderón , Robert Raussendorf , Polina Feldmann , Dmytro Bondarenko

Fault-tolerant quantum computing will require accurate estimates of the resource overhead, but standard metrics such as gate fidelity and diamond distance have been shown to be poor predictors of logical performance. We present a scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Pavithran Iyer , Aditya Jain , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

Quantum computing promises a new approach to solving difficult computational problems, and the quest of building a quantum computer has started. While the first attempts on construction were succesful, scalability has never been achieved,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-01 Alexandru Paler , Simon J. Devitt , Kae Nemoto , Ilia Polian

We prove that a quantum circuit together with measurement apparatuses and EPR sources can be fully verified without any reference to some other trusted set of quantum devices. Our main assumption is that the physical system we are working…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Frederic Magniez , Dominic Mayers , Michele Mosca , Harold Ollivier

Unlike classical software, where logging and runtime tracing can effectively reveal internal execution status, quantum circuits possess unique properties, such as the no-cloning theorem and measurement-induced collapse, that prevent direct…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ning Ma , Jianjun Zhao , Foutse Khomh , Shaukat Ali , Heng Li

The computational power of real-world quantum computers is limited by errors. When using quantum computers to perform algorithms which cannot be efficiently simulated classically, it is important to quantify the accuracy with which the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Avi Vadali , Rutuja Kshirsagar , Prasanth Shyamsundar , Gabriel N. Perdue

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is typically viewed as a suite of practical techniques for today's noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, with limited relevance once fault-tolerant quantum computers become available. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Zeyuan Zhou , Shaun Pexton , Aleksander Kubica , Yongshan Ding

This paper investigates quantum error correction schemes for fully-correlated noise channels on an $n$-qubit system, where error operators take the form $W^{\otimes n}$, with $W$ being an arbitrary $2\times 2$ unitary operator. In previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 Chi-Kwong Li , Yuqiao Li , Diane Christine Pelejo , Sage Stanish

Logical qubits can be protected from decoherence by performing QEC cycles repeatedly. Algorithms for fault-tolerant QEC must be compiled to the specific hardware platform under consideration in order to practically realize a quantum memory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Sascha Heußen , David F. Locher , Markus Müller

To explore the possibilities of a near-term intermediate-scale quantum algorithm and long-term fault-tolerant quantum computing, a fast and versatile quantum circuit simulator is needed. Here, we introduce Qulacs, a fast simulator for…

A central ingredient in fault-tolerant quantum algorithms is the initialization of a logical state for a given quantum error-correcting code from a set of noisy qubits. A scheme that has demonstrated promising results for small code…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Tom Peham , Ludwig Schmid , Lucas Berent , Markus Müller , Robert Wille

One of the most promising paths towards large scale fault tolerant quantum computation is the use of quantum error correcting stabilizer codes. Just like every other quantum circuit, these codes must be compiled to hardware in a way to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 Sahil Khan , Suhas Vittal , Kenneth Brown , Jonathan Baker

Exact simulations of quantum circuits (QCs) are currently limited to $\sim$50 qubits because the memory and computational cost required to store the QC wave function scale exponentially with qubit number. Therefore, developing efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Marco Bernardi