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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in automated code generation. However, existing approaches often rely heavily on pre-defined test cases, which become impractical in scenarios where such cases are unavailable.…

Register-Transfer Level (RTL) coding is an iterative, repository-scale process in which Power, Performance, and Area (PPA) emerge from interactions across many files and the downstream toolchain. While large language models (LLMs) have…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are used for Register-Transfer Level (RTL) code generation, but they face two main challenges: functional correctness and Power, Performance, and Area (PPA) optimization. Iterative, feedback-based methods…

The discovery of symbolic solutions -- mathematical expressions, logical rules, and algorithmic structures -- is fundamental to advancing scientific and engineering progress. However, traditional methods often struggle with search…

We present CodeEvolve, an evolutionary framework for improving program performance and code quality with Large Language Models (LLMs). CodeEvolve extends OpenEvolve with runtime-guided target selection, Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS),…

Applying large language models (LLMs) to RTL code optimization for improved power, performance, and area (PPA) faces two key challenges: ensuring functional correctness of optimized designs despite LLM hallucination, and systematically…

Most multimodal multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MMEAs) aim to find all global Pareto optimal sets (PSs) for a multimodal multi-objective optimization problem (MMOP). However, in real-world problems, decision makers (DMs) may be…

Constrained multi-objective optimization problems (CMOPs) frequently arise in real-world applications where multiple conflicting objectives must be optimized under complex constraints. Existing dual-population two-stage algorithms have…

Software engineers resolving repository-level issues do not treat existing tests as immutable correctness oracles. Instead, they iteratively refine both code and the tests used to characterize intended behavior, as new modifications expose…

The transition from sequential to parallel computing is essential for modern high-performance applications but is hindered by the steep learning curve of concurrent programming. This challenge is magnified for irregular data structures…

As the complexity of System-on-Chip (SoC) designs grows, the shift-left paradigm necessitates the rapid development of high-fidelity reference models (typically written in SystemC) for early architecture exploration and verification. While…

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) enhances Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning but suffers from advantage collapse on ``hard samples'' where all rollouts fail. This lack of variance eliminates crucial learning signals.…

Code evolution is inevitable in modern software development. Changes to third-party APIs frequently break existing code and complicate maintenance, posing practical challenges for developers. While large language models (LLMs) have shown…

To evaluate the repository-level code generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in complex real-world software development scenarios, many evaluation methods have been developed. These methods typically leverage contextual…

Current alignment methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on compressing vast amounts of human preference data into static, absolute reward functions, leading to data scarcity, noise sensitivity, and training instability. We introduce…

Recent advances in LLM-guided evolutionary computation, particularly AlphaEvolve (Novikov et al., 2025; Georgiev et al., 2025), have demonstrated remarkable success in discovering novel mathematical constructions and solving challenging…

Large Language Models have emerged as powerful tools for automating Register-Transfer Level (RTL) code generation, yet they face critical limitations: existing approaches typically fail to simultaneously optimize functional correctness and…

LLMs have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in automatic RTL code generation, achieving high syntactic and functional correctness. However, most methods focus on functional correctness while overlooking critical physical design…

Traditional recommendation systems tend to trap users in strong feedback loops by excessively pushing content aligned with their historical preferences, thereby limiting exploration opportunities and causing content fatigue. Although large…

Large language models (LLMs) have greatly accelerated the automation of algorithm generation and optimization. However, current methods such as EoH and FunSearch mainly rely on predefined templates and expert-specified functions that focus…