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Food security is more prominent on the policy agenda today than it has been in the past, thanks to recent food shortages at both the regional and global levels as well as renewed promises from major donor countries to combat chronic hunger.…
One of the most challenging types of ill-posedness in global optimization is the presence of insensitivity regions in design parameter space, so the identification of their shape will be crucial, if ill-posedness is irrecoverable. Such…
Ideally, a meta-analysis will summarize data from several unbiased studies. Here we consider the less than ideal situation in which contributing studies may be compromised by measurement error. Measurement error affects every study design,…
The two-level normal hierarchical model (NHM) has played a critical role in the theory of small area estimation (SAE), one of the growing areas in statistics with numerous applications in different disciplines. In this paper, we address…
National statistical institutes in many countries are now mandated to produce reliable statistics for important variables such as population, income, unemployment, health outcomes, etc. for small areas, defined by geography and/or…
The two-phase sampling design is a cost-effective strategy widely used in public health research. Analyzing the Phase II sample often involves creating subsample-specific weights. However, these weights can be highly variable, leading to…
Malnutrition is a multidomain problem affecting 54% of older adults in long-term care (LTC). Monitoring nutritional intake in LTC is laborious and subjective, limiting clinical inference capabilities. Recent advances in automatic…
Structural damage due to excessive loading or environmental degradation typically occurs in localized areas in the absence of collapse. This prior information about the spatial sparseness of structural damage is exploited here by a…
In this paper, we address the challenge of sampling in scenarios where limited resources prevent exhaustive measurement across all subjects. We consider a setting where samples are drawn from multiple groups, each following a distribution…
In recent years, disease mapping studies have become a routine application within geographical epidemiology and are typically analysed within a Bayesian hierarchical model formulation. A variety of model formulations for the latent level…
The National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) is a case-control study of birth defects conducted across 10 U.S. states. Researchers are interested in characterizing the etiologic role of maternal diet, collected using a food frequency…
Comparative meta-analyses of groups of subjects by integrating multiple observational studies rely on estimated propensity scores (PSs) to mitigate covariate imbalances. However, PS estimation grapples with the theoretical and practical…
Addressing the health challenges faced by the aging population, particularly undernutrition, is of paramount importance, given the significant representation of older individuals in society. Undernutrition arises from a disbalance between…
Medical image segmentation faces critical challenges in semi-supervised learning scenarios due to severe annotation scarcity requiring expert radiological knowledge, significant inter-annotator variability across different viewpoints and…
Regular monitoring of nutrient intake in hospitalised patients plays a critical role in reducing the risk of disease-related malnutrition. Although several methods to estimate nutrient intake have been developed, there is still a clear…
Level Set Estimation (LSE) is an important problem with applications in various fields such as material design, biotechnology, machine operational testing, etc. Existing techniques suffer from the scalability issue, that is, these methods…
Health surveys allow exploring health indicators that are of great value from a public health point of view and that cannot normally be studied from regular health registries. These indicators are usually coded as ordinal variables and may…
Accurate dietary intake estimation is critical for informing policies and programs to support healthy eating, as malnutrition has been directly linked to decreased quality of life. However self-reporting methods such as food diaries suffer…
Early warning systems for food security rely on timely and accurate estimations of crop production. Several approaches have been developed to get early estimations of area and yield, the two components of crop production. The most common…
Background: Target trial emulation (TTE) that applies trial design principles to improve the analysis of non-randomized studies is increasingly being used. Applications of TTE to emulate cluster randomized trials (RCTs) have been limited.…