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Large Language Models (LLMs) have reshaped our world with significant advancements in science, engineering, and society through applications ranging from scientific discoveries and medical diagnostics to Chatbots. Despite their ubiquity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kushal Raj Bhandari , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

Recent research has increasingly focused on reconciling the reasoning capabilities of System 2 with the efficiency of System 1. While existing training-based and prompt-based approaches face significant challenges in terms of efficiency and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yuxuan Yao , Shuqi Liu , Zehua Liu , Qintong Li , Mingyang Liu , Xiongwei Han , Zhijiang Guo , Han Wu , Linqi Song

Scaling model size, training data, and compute power have driven advances in large language models (LLMs), but these approaches are reaching saturation as human-generated text is exhausted and further gains diminish. We propose experience…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Xingkun Yin , Kaibin Huang , Dong In Kim , Hongyang Du

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly evolved from text generators into powerful problem solvers. Yet, many open tasks demand critical thinking, multi-source, and verifiable outputs, which are beyond single-shot prompting or standard…

Despite exceptional capabilities in knowledge-intensive tasks, Large Language Models (LLMs) face a critical gap in understanding how they internalize new knowledge, particularly how to structurally embed acquired knowledge in their neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yixin Ou , Yunzhi Yao , Ningyu Zhang , Hui Jin , Jiacheng Sun , Shumin Deng , Zhenguo Li , Huajun Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown impressive results on diverse code-related tasks, benefiting from large-scale training and instruction tuning. However, studies reveal that their grasp of fundamental programming concepts,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xiaoning Ren , Qiang Hu , Wei Ma , Yan Li , Yao Zhang , Lingxiao Jiang , Yinxing Xue

The efficiency of large language models (LLMs) is fundamentally limited by their sequential, token-by-token generation process. We argue that overcoming this bottleneck requires a new design axis for LLM scaling: increasing the semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Chenze Shao , Darren Li , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) are leading a new technological revolution as one of the most promising research streams toward artificial general intelligence. The scaling of these models, accomplished by increasing the number of parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Leonardo Berti , Flavio Giorgi , Gjergji Kasneci

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown impressive performance on tasks involving reasoning, leading to a lively debate on whether these models possess reasoning capabilities similar to humans. However, despite these successes, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Philipp Mondorf , Barbara Plank

Edge computing enables real-time data processing closer to its source, thus improving the latency and performance of edge-enabled AI applications. However, traditional AI models often fall short when dealing with complex, dynamic tasks that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Haoxiang Luo , Yinqiu Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Jiacheng Wang , Gang Sun , Dusit Niyato , Hongfang Yu , Zehui Xiong , Xianbin Wang , Xuemin Shen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong knowledge reserves and task-solving capabilities, but still face the challenge of severe hallucination, hindering their practical application. Though scientific theories and rules can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Maotian Ma , Zheni Zeng , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities, they often struggle with complex tasks that require specific thinking paradigms, such as divide-and-conquer and procedural deduction, \etc Previous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Kechi Zhang , Ge Li , Jia Li , Huangzhao Zhang , Jingjing Xu , Hao Zhu , Lecheng Wang , Jia Li , Yihong Dong , Jing Mai , Bin Gu , Zhi Jin

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly multilingual, yet open models continue to underperform relative to proprietary systems, with the gap most pronounced for African languages. Continued pre-training (CPT) offers a practical route…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Hao Yu , Tianyi Xu , Michael A. Hedderich , Wassim Hamidouche , Syed Waqas Zamir , David Ifeoluwa Adelani

Large Multimodal Model (LMM) is a hot research topic in the computer vision area and has also demonstrated remarkable potential across multiple disciplinary fields. A recent trend is to further extend and enhance the perception capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yang Jiao , Shaoxiang Chen , Zequn Jie , Jingjing Chen , Lin Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Deep Learning (DL) techniques for Natural Language Processing have been evolving remarkably fast. Recently, the DL advances in language modeling, machine translation and paragraph understanding are so prominent that the potential of DL in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Triet H. M. Le , Hao Chen , M. Ali Babar

For data-constrained, complex and dynamic industrial environments, there is a critical need for transferable and multimodal methodologies to enhance anomaly detection and therefore, prevent costs associated with system failures. Typically,…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across tasks such as mathematics, coding, and reasoning, yet their learning ability, which is crucial for adapting to dynamic environments and acquiring new knowledge, remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Zhengyu Hu , Jianxun Lian , Zheyuan Xiao , Seraphina Zhang , Tianfu Wang , Nicholas Jing Yuan , Xing Xie , Hui Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in various research domains. This article examines their potential through a literature review and firsthand experimentation. While LLMs offer benefits like cost-effectiveness and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-10 M. Namvarpour , A. Razi

Large language models (LLMs) show an innate skill for solving language based tasks. But insights have suggested an inability to adjust for information or task-solving skills becoming outdated, as their knowledge, stored directly within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jerry Huang , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Sarath Chandar

Large language models (LLMs) are incredible and versatile tools for text-based tasks that have enabled countless, previously unimaginable, applications. Retrieval models, in contrast, have not yet seen such capable general-purpose models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Julian Killingback , Hamed Zamani