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Improving the interpretability of deep neural networks has recently gained increased attention, especially when the power of deep learning is leveraged to solve problems in physics. Interpretability helps us understand a model's ability to…

Real-world problems are often dependent on multiple data modalities, making multimodal fusion essential for leveraging diverse information sources. In high-stakes domains, such as in healthcare, understanding how each modality contributes…

NLP models are susceptible to learning spurious biases (i.e., bugs) that work on some datasets but do not properly reflect the underlying task. Explanation-based model debugging aims to resolve spurious biases by showing human users…

Seismic interpretation is vital for understanding subsurface structures but remains labor-intensive, subjective, and computationally demanding. While deep learning (DL) offers promise, its success hinges on large, high-quality datasets,…

Machine Learning algorithms are increasingly being used in recent years due to their flexibility in model fitting and increased predictive performance. However, the complexity of the models makes them hard for the data analyst to interpret…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become a proven and indispensable machine learning tool. As a black-box model, it remains difficult to diagnose what aspects of the model's input drive the decisions of a DNN. In countless real-world…

Partial differential equation (PDE) simulation holds extensive significance in scientific research. Currently, the integration of deep neural networks to learn solution operators of PDEs has introduced great potential. In this paper, we…

With the continuous advancement of processors, modern micro-architecture designs have become increasingly complex. The vast design space presents significant challenges for human designers, making design space exploration (DSE) algorithms a…

A number of representation schemes have been presented for use within learning classifier systems, ranging from binary encodings to neural networks. This paper presents results from an investigation into using discrete and fuzzy dynamical…

Accurate polyp segmentation remains challenging due to irregular lesion morphologies, ambiguous boundaries, and heterogeneous imaging conditions. While U-Net variants excel at local feature fusion, they often lack explicit mechanisms to…

Data-driven modeling of constrained multibody dynamics remains challenged by (i) the training cost of Neural ODEs, which typically require backpropagation through an ODE solver, and (ii) error accumulation in rollout predictions. We…

Data-driven discovery of partial differential equations (PDEs) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Although significant progress has been made, certain unresolved issues remain. For example, for PDEs with high-order…

Compressible flow problems are characterized by highly nonlinear, implicit, and often transcendental governing equations. In undergraduate gas dynamics education, solving these equations traditionally relies on iterative numerical methods…

Rule-based models, e.g., decision trees, are widely used in scenarios demanding high model interpretability for their transparent inner structures and good model expressivity. However, rule-based models are hard to optimize, especially on…

Neural networks have the ability to serve as universal function approximators, but they are not interpretable and don't generalize well outside of their training region. Both of these issues are problematic when trying to apply standard…

Foundation models have transformed language, vision, and time series data analysis, yet progress on dynamic predictions for physical systems remains limited. Given the complexity of physical constraints, two challenges stand out. $(i)$…

Learning the full family of solutions to parameterized partial differential equations (PDEs) is a central challenge to our ability to model the behavior of heterogeneous systems, with a variety of fundamental and application-oriented…

Deep learning (DL) models find increasing application in mental state decoding, where researchers seek to understand the mapping between mental states (e.g., perceiving fear or joy) and brain activity by identifying those brain regions (and…

Deep neural networks are behind many of the recent successes in machine learning applications. However, these models can produce overconfident decisions while encountering out-of-distribution (OOD) examples or making a wrong prediction.…

Solving partial differential equations (PDEs) with highly oscillatory solutions on complex domains remains a challenging and important problem. High-frequency oscillations and intricate geometries often result in prohibitively expensive…