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LLM agents that store knowledge as natural language suffer steep retrieval degradation as condition count grows, often struggle to compose learned rules reliably, and typically lack explicit mechanisms to detect stale or adversarial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Arash Shahmansoori

In high stakes applications such as healthcare and finance analytics, the interpretability of predictive models is required and necessary for domain practitioners to trust the predictions. Traditional machine learning models, e.g., logistic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-27 Kaiping Zheng , Shaofeng Cai , Horng Ruey Chua , Wei Wang , Kee Yuan Ngiam , Beng Chin Ooi

Search systems are increasingly used for reasoning-intensive queries, where what makes a document relevant requires understanding or reasoning over the query-document relation rather than relying on surface vocabulary or topical similarity.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Nilesh Gupta , Wei-Cheng Chang , Ngot Bui , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Multi-label audio tagging consists of assigning sets of tags to audio recordings. At inference time, thresholds are applied on the confidence scores outputted by a probabilistic classifier, in order to decide which classes are detected…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Thomas Pellegrini , Timothée Masquelier

Modern AI agents such as large language models are trained on diverse tasks -- translation, code generation, mathematical reasoning, and text prediction -- simultaneously. A key question is how to quantify the influence of each individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhenshuo Zhang , Minxuan Duan , Hongyang R. Zhang

A Learning Model Predictive Controller (LMPC) for linear system in presented. The proposed controller is an extension of the LMPC [1] and it aims to decrease the computational burden. The control scheme is reference-free and is able to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-31 Ugo Rosolia , Francesco Borrelli

Transmission expansion planning (TEP) plays a critical role in ensuring power system reliability and facilitating the integration of renewable energy resources. However, this process requires planners to constantly deal with significant…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Victor Schmitt , Farzaneh Pourahmadi , Angela Flores-Quiroz , Pablo Apablaza , Pierluigi Mancarella

In various approaches to learning, notably in domain adaptation, active learning, learning under covariate shift, semi-supervised learning, learning with concept drift, and the like, one often wants to compare a baseline classifier to one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Marco Loog , Jesse H. Krijthe , Are C. Jensen

We study Latent Recurrent Transformer (LRT), a lightweight augmentation of autoregressive transformers that reuses a high-level source-layer hidden state from the previous token as recurrent memory for the next token. Because this source…

Agents built on large language models (LLMs) rely on a range of reliability techniques, including retry, majority voting, and self-consistency, that have been developed in parallel rather than within a common analytical framework. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hamed Omidvar , Vahideh Akhlaghi

Deep learning models named transformers achieved state-of-the-art results in a vast majority of NLP tasks at the cost of increased computational complexity and high memory consumption. Using the transformer model in real-time inference…

Deep learning models achieve state-of-the-art performance across domains but face scalability challenges in real-time or resource-constrained scenarios. To address this, we propose Loss Trajectory Correlation (LTC), a novel metric for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Manish Nagaraj , Deepak Ravikumar , Efstathia Soufleri , Kaushik Roy

Urban transportation systems encounter diverse challenges across multiple tasks, such as traffic forecasting, electric vehicle (EV) charging demand prediction, and taxi dispatch. Existing approaches suffer from two key limitations:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jiaming Leng , Yunying Bi , Chuan Qin , Bing Yin , Yanyong Zhang , Chao Wang

Harnessing the reasoning power of Large Language Models (LLMs) for recommender systems is hindered by two fundamental challenges. First, current approaches lack a mechanism for automated, data-driven discovery of effective reasoning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jie Jiang , Yang Wu , Qian Li , Yuling Xiong , Hongbo Tang , Xun Liu , Haoze Wang , Jun Zhang , Huan Yu , Hailong Shi

The LLM-as-a-judge paradigm uses large language models (LLMs) for automated text evaluation, where a numerical assessment is assigned by an LLM to the input text following scoring rubrics. Existing methods for LLM-as-a-judge use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Cheng-Han Chiang , Hung-yi Lee , Michal Lukasik

We present TRACE-CS, a novel hybrid system that combines symbolic reasoning with large language models (LLMs)to address contrastive queries in course scheduling problems. TRACE-CS leverages logic-based techniques to encode scheduling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Stylianos Loukas Vasileiou , William Yeoh

Diffusion language models (DLMs) offer a promising path toward low-latency generation through parallel decoding, but their practical efficiency depends heavily on the decoding trajectory. In practice, this advantage often fails to fully…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Lingjie Chen , Ruizhong Qiu , Yuyu Fan , Yanjun Zhao , Hanghang Tong

Transformers with linear recurrent modeling offer linear-time training and constant-memory inference. Despite their demonstrated efficiency and performance, pretraining such non-standard architectures from scratch remains costly and risky.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Disen Lan , Weigao Sun , Jiaxi Hu , Jusen Du , Yu Cheng

Instruction-following is a fundamental capability of language models, requiring the model to recognize even the most subtle requirements in the instructions and accurately reflect them in its output. Such an ability is well-suited for and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jiale Cheng , Xiao Liu , Cunxiang Wang , Xiaotao Gu , Yida Lu , Dan Zhang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Large language model (LLM) query routers are critical to modern AI platforms as they seek to improve efficiency by assigning inference queries to accurate, yet low-cost models. Parametric routers typically use trained neural networks for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shivam Patel , Neharika Jali , Ankur Mallick , Gauri Joshi