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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) typically minimize average residuals, which can conceal large, localized errors. We propose Residual Risk-Aware Physics-Informed Neural Networks PINNs (RRaPINNs), a single-network framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ange-Clément Akazan , Issa Karambal , Jean Medard Ngnotchouye , Abebe Geletu Selassie. W

Learning solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs) with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) is an attractive alternative approach to traditional solvers due to its flexibility and ease of incorporating observed data. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Wei Peng , Weien Zhou , Xiaoya Zhang , Wen Yao , Zheliang Liu

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising mesh-free paradigm for solving partial differential equations, yet adoption in science and engineering is limited by slow training and modest accuracy relative to modern…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Jian Cheng Wong , Chin Chun Ooi , Chang Wei , Yuchen Fan , Yew-Soon Ong

The recently developed physics-informed machine learning has made great progress for solving nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), however, it may fail to provide reasonable approximations to the PDEs with discontinuous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-06 Chunyue Lv , Lei Wang , Chenming Xie

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been proven as a promising way for solving various partial differential equations, especially high-dimensional ones and those with irregular boundaries. However, their capabilities in real…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Guojie Li , Wuyue Yang , Liu Hong

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a class of deep learning neural networks that learn the response of a physical system without any simulation data, and only by incorporating the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Rini J. Gladstone , Mohammad A. Nabian , N. Sukumar , Ankit Srivastava , Hadi Meidani

Physics-informed neural network (PINN) is a powerful emerging method for studying forward-inverse problems of partial differential equations (PDEs), even from limited sample data. Variable coefficient PDEs, which model real-world phenomena,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-03-07 Hui-Juan Zhou , Yong Chen

Interest is rising in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) as a mesh-free alternative to traditional numerical solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINNs often struggle to learn high-frequency and multi-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Madison Cooley , Varun Shankar , Robert M. Kirby , Shandian Zhe

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) represent a groundbreaking paradigm in scientific computing, seamlessly integrating the robust framework of deep learning with fundamental physical laws. This paper meticulously applies the standard…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Ahmed Aberqi , Ahmed Miloudi

Recent work in scientific machine learning has developed so-called physics-informed neural network (PINN) models. The typical approach is to incorporate physical domain knowledge as soft constraints on an empirical loss function and use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Aditi S. Krishnapriyan , Amir Gholami , Shandian Zhe , Robert M. Kirby , Michael W. Mahoney

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are regarded as state-of-the-art tools for addressing highly nonlinear problems based on partial differential equations. Despite their broad range of applications, PINNs encounter several performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Jamshaid Ul Rahman , Nimra

Partial differential equations (PDEs) serve as the cornerstone of mathematical physics. In recent years, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have significantly reduced the dependence on large datasets by embedding physical laws…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Wenxuan Huo , Qiang He , Gang Zhu , Weifeng Huang

This paper proposes a rank inspired neural network (RINN) to tackle the initialization sensitivity issue of physics informed extreme learning machines (PIELM) when numerically solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Unlike PIELM…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Wentao Peng , Yunqing Huang , Nianyu Yi

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have enabled significant improvements in modelling physical processes described by partial differential equations (PDEs). PINNs are based on simple architectures, and learn the behavior of complex…

Deep learning has been shown to be an effective tool in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) through physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs embed the PDE residual into the loss function of the neural network, and have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Jeremy Yu , Lu Lu , Xuhui Meng , George Em Karniadakis

We study the combination of the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) with physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for a general class of nonsmooth partial differential equation (PDE)-constrained optimization problems, where…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Yongcun Song , Xiaoming Yuan , Hangrui Yue

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve physical systems by incorporating governing partial differential equations directly into neural network training. In electromagnetism, where well-established methodologies such as FDTD and FEM…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Nilufer K. Bulut

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a promising machine learning framework for solving partial differential equations, but their training often breaks down on challenging problems, sometimes converging to physically incorrect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Sifan Wang , Shawn Koohy , Yiping Lu , Paris Perdikaris

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a promising framework for solving inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) by integrating observational data and physical constraints in a unified optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yongsheng Chen , Yong Chen , Wei Guo , Xinghui Zhong

Recent advancements in physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and their variants have garnered substantial focus from researchers due to their effectiveness in solving both forward and inverse problems governed by differential equations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Shivani Saini , Ramesh Kumar Vats , Arup Kumar Sahoo