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Domain-specific QA systems require not just generative fluency but high factual accuracy grounded in structured expert knowledge. While recent Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks improve context recall, they struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 David Osei Opoku , Ming Sheng , Yong Zhang

Information retrieval and question answering from safety regulations are essential for automated construction compliance checking but are hindered by the linguistic and structural complexity of regulatory text. Many queries are multi-hop,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yuxin Zhang , Xi Wang , Mo Hu , Zhenyu Zhang

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enriches large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge for long-context understanding and multi-hop reasoning, but existing methods face a granularity dilemma: fine-grained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yaxiong Wu , Jianyuan Bo , Yongyue Zhang , Sheng Liang , Yong Liu

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (Graph-RAG) enhances multihop question answering by organizing corpora into knowledge graphs and routing evidence through relational structure. However, practical deployments face two persistent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jiate Liu , Zebin Chen , Shaobo Qiao , Mingchen Ju , Danting Zhang , Bocheng Han , Shuyue Yu , Xin Shu , Jingling Wu , Dong Wen , Xin Cao , Guanfeng Liu , Zhengyi Yang

Industrial standards and normative documents exhibit intricate hierarchical structures, domain-specific lexicons, and extensive cross-referential dependencies, which making it challenging to process them directly by Large Language Models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Aiman Al Masoud , Marco Arazzi , Simone Germani , Antonino Nocera

Knowledge Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (KG-RAG) significantly enhances the reasoning capabilities of LargeLanguage Models by leveraging structured knowledge. However, existing KG-RAG frameworks typically operate as open-loop…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Xujie Yuan , Shimin Di , Jielong Tang , Libin Zheng , Jian Yin

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm that organizes external knowledge into structured graphs of entities and relations, enabling large language models (LLMs) to perform complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jinyoung Park , Sanghyeok Lee , Omar Zia Khan , Hyunwoo J. Kim , Joo-Kyung Kim

Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) empowers large language models to autonomously plan and retrieve information for complex problem-solving. However, the development of robust agents is hindered by the scarcity of high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhengwei Tao , Bo Li , Jialong Wu , Guochen Yan , Huanyao Zhang , Jiahao Xu , Haitao Mi , Wentao Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework to overcome the knowledge limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external retrieval with language generation. While early RAG systems based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jintao Liang , Gang Su , Huifeng Lin , You Wu , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li

In this paper, we propose a Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) agent that maps natural language queries about research topics to precise, machine-interpretable semantic entities. Our approach combines RAG with Socratic dialogue to align a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Lew Lefton , Kexin Rong , Chinar Dankhara , Lila Ghemri , Firdous Kausar , A. Hannibal Hamdallahi

Recent GraphRAG methods integrate graph structures into text indexing and retrieval, using knowledge graph triples to connect text chunks, thereby improving retrieval coverage and precision. However, we observe that treating text chunks as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yanning Hou , Duanyang Yuan , Sihang Zhou , Xiaoshu Chen , Ke Liang , Siwei Wang , Xinwang Liu , Jian Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly contributed to the development of adaptive intelligent agents and are positioned as an important way to achieve Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). However, LLMs are prone to produce factually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Weijian Xie , Xuefeng Liang , Yuhui Liu , Kaihua Ni , Hong Cheng , Zetian Hu

Naive Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) focuses on individual documents during retrieval and, as a result, falls short in handling networked documents which are very popular in many applications such as citation graphs, social media, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yuntong Hu , Zhihan Lei , Zheng Zhang , Bo Pan , Chen Ling , Liang Zhao

Large language models with retrieval-augmented generation encounter a pivotal challenge in intricate retrieval tasks, e.g., multi-hop question answering, which requires the model to navigate across multiple documents and generate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Weijie Chen , Ting Bai , Jinbo Su , Jian Luan , Wei Liu , Chuan Shi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to access broader knowledge sources, yet factual inconsistencies persist due to noise in retrieved documents-even with advanced retrieval methods. We demonstrate that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yongjian Li , HaoCheng Chu , Yukun Yan , Zhenghao Liu , Shi Yu , Zheni Zeng , Ruobing Wang , Sen Song , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models with external knowledge, and tree-based RAG organizes documents into hierarchical indexes to support queries at multiple granularities. However, existing Tree-RAG methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Ziwen Zhao , Menglin Yang

The rapid expansion of space activities has led to an unprecedented accumulation of technical documentation, operational guidelines, and scientific literature, creating challenges for timely decision-making in space operations. Effective…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ruben Belo , Marta Guimarães , Cláudia Soares

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to dynamically access external information, which is powerful for answering questions over previously unseen documents. Nonetheless, they struggle with high-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Chi-Hsiang Hsiao , Yi-Cheng Wang , Tzung-Sheng Lin , Yi-Ren Yeh , Chu-Song Chen

Recent advances in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have shifted from simple vector similarity to structure-aware approaches like HippoRAG, which leverage Knowledge Graphs (KGs) and Personalized PageRank (PPR) to capture multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kwun Hang Lau , Fangyuan Zhang , Boyu Ruan , Yingli Zhou , Qintian Guo , Ruiyuan Zhang , Xiaofang Zhou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) lifts the factuality of Large Language Models (LLMs) by injecting external knowledge, yet it falls short on problems that demand multi-step inference; conversely, purely reasoning-oriented approaches…