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In a recent work, Dancs and He found an Euler-type formula for $\,\zeta{(2\,n+1)}$, $\,n\,$ being a positive integer, which contains a series they could not reduce to a finite closed-form. This open problem reveals a greater complexity in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-08-28 F. M. S. Lima

We study generalizations of some results of Jean-Louis Nicolas regarding the relation between small values of Euler's function $\varphi(n)$ and the Riemann Hypothesis. Among other things, we prove that for $1\leq q\leq 10$ and for $q=12,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-30 Amir Akbary , Forrest J. Francis

We generalize the classical theory of periodic continued fractions (PCFs) over ${\mathbf Z}$ to rings ${\mathcal O}$ of $S$-integers in a number field. Let ${\mathcal B}=\{\beta, {\beta^*}\}$ be the multi-set of roots of a quadratic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-02 Bradley W. Brock , Noam D. Elkies , Bruce W. Jordan

We show that a modular unit on two copies of the upper half-plane is a Borcherds product if and only if its boundary divisor is a special boundary divisor. Therefore, we define a subspace of the space of invariant vectors for the Weil…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-10 Patrick Bieker , Paul Kiefer

The generating series of a number of different objects studied in arithmetic statistics can be built out of Euler products. Euler products often have very nice analytic properties, and by constructing a meromorphic continuation one can use…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Brandon Alberts

By application of the Markov-WZ method, we prove a more general form of a bivariate generating function identity containing, as particular cases, Koecher's and Almkvist-Granville's Ap\'ery-like formulae for odd zeta values. As a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-31 Kh. Hessami Pilehrood , T. Hessami Pilehrood

In 1959, Erd\H{o}s and Szekeres posed a series of problems concerning the size of polynomials of the form $$ P_n(z) = \prod_{j=1}^n (1 - z^{s_j}), $$ where $s_1, \dots, s_n$ are positive integers. Of particular interest is the quantity $$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Quanyu Tang

From a global series for the alternating zeta function, we derive an infinite product for pi that resembles the product for $e^\gamma$ ($\gamma$ is Euler's constant) in math.CA/0306008. (An alternate derivation accelerates Wallis's product…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jonathan Sondow

We prove that the Fourier coefficients of a certain general eta product considered by K. Saito are nonnegative. The proof is elementary and depends on a multidimensional theta function identity. The z=1 case is an identity for the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Berkovich , Frank G. Garvan

We consider a stochastic differential equation and its Euler-Maruyama (EM) scheme, under some appropriate conditions, they both admit a unique invariant measure, denoted by $\pi$ and $\pi_\eta$ respectively ($\eta$ is the step size of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-09 Jianya Lu , Yuzhen Tan , Lihu Xu

The two-dimensional inhomogeneous zeta-function series (with homogeneous part of the most general Epstein type): \[ \sum_{m,n \in \mbox{\bf Z}} (am^2+bmn+cn^2+q)^{-s}, \] is analytically continued in the variable $s$ by using zeta-function…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 E. Elizalde

Given an irrational number $\alpha$, we study the asymptotic behaviour of the Sudler product denoted by $P_N(\alpha) = \prod_{r=1}^N 2\lvert \sin \pi r \alpha \rvert$. We show that $\liminf_{N \to \infty} P_N(\alpha) >0$ and $\limsup_{N \to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-16 Dmitry Gayfulin , Manuel Hauke

Two renormalization group invariant quantities in quantum chromodinamics (QCD), defined in Euclidean space,namely, Adler D-function of electron-positron annihilation to hadrons and Bjorken polarized deep-inelastic scattering sum rule, are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-01 I. O. Goriachuk , A. L. Kataev

This paper treats about one of the most remarkable achievements by Riemann, that is the symmetric form of the functional equation for {\zeta}(s). We present here, after showing the first proof of Riemann, a new, simple and direct proof of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-07-13 Andrea Ossicini

It is known that the numbers which occur in Apery's proof of the irrationality of zeta(2) have many interesting congruence properties while the associated generating function satisfies a second order differential equation. We prove…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Robert Osburn , Brundaban Sahu

What is the product of all {\em odious} integers, i.e., of all integers whose binary expansion contains an odd number of $1$'s? Or more precisely, how to define a product of these integers which is not infinite, but still has a "reasonable"…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-23 J. -P. Allouche

Let $$\lambda(s)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty\frac1{(2n+1)^s},$$ $$\beta(s)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty\frac{(-1)^{n}}{(2n+1)^s},$$ and $$\eta(s)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{n^s}$$ be the Dirichlet lambda function, its alternating form, and the Dirichlet…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-28 Su Hu , Min-Soo Kim

There is an extensive literature on the asymptotic order of Sudler's trigonometric product $P_N (\alpha) = \prod_{n=1}^N |2 \sin (\pi n \alpha)|$ for fixed or for "typical" values of $\alpha$. In the present paper we establish a structural…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-26 Christoph Aistleitner , Bence Borda

We give explicit expressions (or at least an algorithm of obtaining such expressions) of the coefficients of the Laurent series expansions of the Euler-Zagier multiple zeta-functions at any integer points. The main tools are the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-25 Kohji Matsumoto , Tomokazu Onozuka , Isao Wakabayashi

Convergent infinite products, indexed by all natural numbers, in which each factor is a rational function of the index, can always be evaluated in terms of finite products of gamma functions. This goes back to Euler. A purpose of this note…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-09-16 Marc Chamberland , Armin Straub