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Vision-Language-Action models have emerged as a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation by unifying perception, language grounding, and action generation. However, they often struggle in scenarios requiring precise spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Tao Lin , Yuxin Du , Jiting Liu , Nuobei Zhu , Yunhe Li , Yuqian Fu , Yinxinyu Chen , Hongyi Cai , Zewei Ye , Bing Cheng , Kai Ye , Yiran Mao , Yilei Zhong , MingKang Dong , Junchi Yan , Gen Li , Bo Zhao

Recent advancements in open-source Visual Language Models (VLMs) such as LLaVA, Qwen-VL, and Llama have catalyzed extensive research on their integration with diverse systems. The internet-scale general knowledge encapsulated within these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Cristian Gariboldi , Hayato Tokida , Ken Kinjo , Yuki Asada , Alexander Carballo

Embodied AI is widely recognized as a cornerstone of artificial general intelligence (AGI) because it involves controlling embodied agents to perform tasks in the physical world. Building on the success of large language models (LLMs) and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yueen Ma , Zixing Song , Yuzheng Zhuang , Jianye Hao , Irwin King

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) on robot teleoperation data to create vision-language-action (VLA) models is a promising paradigm for training generalist policies, but it suffers from a fundamental tradeoff: learning to produce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Asher J. Hancock , Xindi Wu , Lihan Zha , Olga Russakovsky , Anirudha Majumdar

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Large Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in natural language processing and multimodal understanding. Despite their impressive generalization capabilities, current LVLMs often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Leilei Guo , Antonio Carlos Rivera , Peiyu Tang , Haoxuan Ren , Zheyu Song

Robotic manipulation is a fundamental component of automation. However, traditional perception-planning pipelines often fall short in open-ended tasks due to limited flexibility, while the architecture of a single end-to-end…

Recent world-model-based Vision-Language-Action (VLA) architectures have improved robotic manipulation through predictive visual foresight. However, dense future prediction introduces visual redundancy and accumulates errors, causing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Minghao Jin , Mozheng Liao , Mingfei Han , Zhihui Li , Xiaojun Chang

A fundamental challenge in autonomous driving is the integration of high-level, semantic reasoning for long-tail events with low-level, reactive control for robust driving. While large vision-language models (VLMs) trained on web-scale data…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a powerful approach to training control policies for physical systems, such as robots, by combining end-to-end learning with transfer of semantic knowledge from web-scale vision-language model…

Recent advancements in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown promise for end-to-end autonomous driving by leveraging world knowledge and reasoning capabilities. However, current VLA models often struggle with physically infeasible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Zewei Zhou , Tianhui Cai , Seth Z. Zhao , Yun Zhang , Zhiyu Huang , Bolei Zhou , Jiaqi Ma

Vision-language-action (VLA) models finetuned from vision-language models (VLMs) hold the promise of leveraging rich pretrained representations to build generalist robots across diverse tasks and environments. However, direct fine-tuning on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Shresth Grover , Akshay Gopalkrishnan , Bo Ai , Henrik I. Christensen , Hao Su , Xuanlin Li

We present, to our knowledge, the first sign language-driven Vision-Language-Action (VLA) framework for intuitive and inclusive human-robot interaction. Unlike conventional approaches that rely on gloss annotations as intermediate…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have significantly advanced robotic learning, enabling training on large-scale, cross-embodiment data and fine-tuning for specific robots. However, state-of-the-art autoregressive VLAs struggle with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Chengmeng Li , Yaxin Peng

Building agents that autonomously operate mobile devices has attracted increasing attention. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show promise, most existing approaches rely on direct state-to-action mappings, which lack structured reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhe Wu , Hongjin Lu , Junliang Xing , Changhao Zhang , Yuxuan Li , Yin Zhu , Yuhao Yang , Yuheng Jing , Kai Li , Kun Shao , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang , Yuanchun Shi

To build a generalizable Vision-Language-Action (VLA) model with strong reasoning ability, a common strategy is to first train a specialist VLA on robot demonstrations to acquire reliable manipulation skills, and then incorporate mixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhen Fang , Zhuoyang Liu , Jiaming Liu , Hao Chen , Yu Zeng , Shiting Huang , Zehui Chen , Lin Chen , Shanghang Zhang , Feng Zhao

Autonomous driving has long relied on modular "Perception-Decision-Action" pipelines, where hand-crafted interfaces and rule-based components often break down in complex or long-tailed scenarios. Their cascaded design further propagates…

We present HaoMo Vision-Language Model (HMVLM), an end-to-end driving framework that implements the slow branch of a cognitively inspired fast-slow architecture. A fast controller outputs low-level steering, throttle, and brake commands,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Daming Wang , Yuhao Song , Zijian He , Kangliang Chen , Xing Pan , Lu Deng , Weihao Gu

Vision-Language Model (VLM) is an important component to enable robust robot manipulation. Yet, using it to translate human instructions into an action-resolvable intermediate representation often needs a tradeoff between…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated notable promise in autonomous driving by offering the potential for multimodal reasoning through pretraining on extensive image-text pairs. However, adapting these models from broad web-scale…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Yupeng Zhou , Can Cui , Juntong Peng , Zichong Yang , Juanwu Lu , Jitesh H Panchal , Bin Yao , Ziran Wang

Recent advances in robot manipulation have leveraged pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) and explored integrating 3D spatial signals into these models for effective action prediction, giving rise to the promising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenyang Liu , Yongchong Gu , Yikai Wang , Xiangyang Xue , Yanwei Fu