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Studying the polarization and spectral distortion of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) in tandem with intensity fluctuations of the Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) allows us to verify our assumptions on cosmic inflation and investigate…

We implement a simple, main beam correction in the maximum-likelihood, parametric component separation approach, which allows on accounting for different beamwidths of input maps at different frequencies without any preprocessing. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-19 Arianna Rizzieri , Josquin Errard , Radek Stompor

The high Galactic latitude sky at millimeter and submm wavelengths contains significant cosmological information about the early Universe (in terms of the cosmic microwave background) but also the process of structure formation in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-09-16 Luca Conversi , Paola Fiadino , Paolo de Bernardis , Silvia Masi

Here follows a preliminary report on the construction of fake millimeter and sub-millimeter skies, as observed by virtual instruments, e.g. the COBRA/SAMBA mission, using theoretical modeling and data extrapolations. Our goal is to create…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 F. R. Bouchet , R. Gispert , N. Aghanim , J. R. Bond , A. De Luca , E. Hivon , B. Maffei

In the last decade, the study of cosmic microwave background (CMB) data has become one of the most powerful tools to study and understand the Universe. More precisely, measuring the CMB power spectrum leads to the estimation of most…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Bobin , Y. Moudden , J. -L. Starck , J. Fadili , N. Aghanim

We present an extension of the ROMA map-making algorithm for the generation of optimal cosmic microwave background polarization maps. The new code allows for a possible cross-correlated noise component among the detectors of a CMB…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Giancarlo de Gasperis , Alessandro Buzzelli , Paolo Cabella , Paolo de Bernardis , Nicola Vittorio

We present Flinch, a fully differentiable and high-performance framework for field-level inference on angular maps, developed to improve the flexibility and scalability of current methodologies. Flinch is integrated with differentiable…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-31 Andrea Crespi , Marco Bonici , Arthur Loureiro , Jaime Ruiz-Zapatero , Ivan Sladoljev , Zack Li , Adrian Bayer , Marius Millea , Uroš Seljak

Missions such as WMAP or Planck measure full-sky fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background and foregrounds, among which bright compact source emissions cover a significant fraction of the sky. To accurately estimate the diffuse…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 F. C. Sureau , J. -L. Starck , J. Bobin , P. Paykari , A. Rassat

Synchrotron processes, the radiative processes associated with the interaction of energetic charged particles with magnetic field, are of interest in many areas in astronomy, from the interstellar medium to extreme environments near compact…

Since the measurements of COBE/FIRAS in the mid-90's we know that the energy spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is extremely close to that of a perfect blackbody at an average temperature T0~2.726K. However, a number of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-11 Jens Chluba

The increasing availability of high-quality optical and near-infrared spectroscopic data, as well as advances in modelling techniques, have greatly expanded the scientific potential of spectroscopic studies. However, the software tools…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-23 Daniele Gasparri , Lorenzo Morelli , Umberto Battino , Jairo Méndez Abreu , Adriana de Lorenzo-Cáceres

We present an implementation of a blind source separation algorithm to remove foregrounds off millimeter surveys made by single-channel instruments. In order to make possible such a decomposition over single-wavelength data: we generate…

Differentiating signals from the background in micrographs is a critical initial step for cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), yet it remains laborious due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the presence of contaminants and densely…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Szu-Chi Chung , Po-Cheng Chou

We developed a Python based framework for astronomical image processing and analysis. Astronomical image loading, normalizing, stacking, and filtering processes represent visible range images from grayscale. Besides, the blending process…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-10 Tanmoy Bhowmik , MD Fardin Islam , Kazi Nusrat Tasneem , Rantideb Roy , Rownok Shahariar

Inhomogeneous reionization gives rise to angular fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) optical depth tau(n) to the last scattering surface, correlating different spherical harmonic modes and imprinting characteristic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-24 Meng Su , Amit P. S. Yadav , Matthew McQuinn , Jaiyul Yoo , Matias Zaldarriaga

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is an abundant source of cosmological information. However, this information is encoded in non-trivial ways in a signal that is difficult to observe. The resulting challenges in extracting this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Benjamin D. Wandelt

LiDAR-based semantic segmentation is a key component for autonomous mobile robots, yet large-scale annotation of LiDAR point clouds is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming. Although simulators can provide labeled synthetic data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Tomoya Miyawaki , Kazuto Nakashima , Yumi Iwashita , Ryo Kurazume

We present spectroxide, a code package for computing cosmic microwave background spectral distortions in which all ${\sim}14{,}500$ lines of Rust code, Python interface, and ${\sim}400$ automated tests were written by an AI assistant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-29 Ethan Baker , Hongwan Liu , Siddharth Mishra-Sharma

The Internal Linear Combination (ILC) method has been extensively used to extract the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy map from foreground contaminated multi-frequency maps. However, the performance of simple ILC is limited and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-01 Debabrata Adak

Modern telescopes generate increasingly large and diverse datasets, often consisting of complex and morphologically rich structures. To efficiently explore such data requires automated methods that can extract and organize physically…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-08 Per Bjerkeli , Jouni Kainulainen , Maria Carmen Toribio , Leon Boschman , Otoniel Maya Lucas
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