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Generative AI promises to allow people to create high-quality personalized media. Although powerful, we identify three fundamental design problems with existing tooling through a literature review. We introduce a multimodal generative AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Gregory Croisdale , Emily Huang , John Joon Young Chung , Anhong Guo , Xu Wang , Austin Z. Henley , Cyrus Omar

Metamaterials, synthetic materials with customized properties, have emerged as a promising field due to advancements in additive manufacturing. These materials derive unique mechanical properties from their internal lattice structures,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Jaewan Park , Shashank Kushwaha , Junyan He , Seid Koric , Qibang Liu , Iwona Jasiuk , Diab Abueidda

Generative design refers to computational design methods that can automatically conduct design exploration under constraints defined by designers. Among many approaches, topology optimization-based generative designs aim to explore diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Seowoo Jang , Soyoung Yoo , Namwoo Kang

In recent years generative design techniques have become firmly established in numerous applied fields, especially in engineering. These methods are demonstrating intensive growth owing to promising outlook. However, existing approaches are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Nikita O. Starodubcev , Nikolay O. Nikitin , Konstantin G. Gavaza , Elizaveta A. Andronova , Denis O. Sidorenko , Anna V. Kalyuzhnaya

The decoder-based machine learning generative algorithms such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), Variational Auto-Encoders (VAE), Transformers show impressive results when constructing objects similar to those in a training ensemble.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Gabriel Turinici

This paper proposes a reinforcement learning framework for performance-driven structural design that combines bottom-up design generation with learned strategies to efficiently search large combinatorial design spaces. Motivated by the…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Chloe S. H. Hong , Keith J. Lee , Caitlin T. Mueller

The synthesis of a metasurface exhibiting a specific set of desired scattering properties is a time-consuming and resource-demanding process, which conventionally relies on many cycles of full-wave simulations. It requires an experienced…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-15 Parinaz Naseri , Sean V. Hum

Deep generative models like GAN and VAE have shown impressive results in generating unconstrained objects like images. However, many design settings arising in industrial design, material science, computer graphics and more require that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Aaron Ferber , Arman Zharmagambetov , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina , Yuandong Tian

Deep model-based reinforcement learning methods offer a conceptually simple approach to the decision-making and control problem: use learning for the purpose of estimating an approximate dynamics model, and offload the rest of the work to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Michael Janner

Inverse design of solid-state materials with desired properties represents a formidable challenge in materials science. Although recent generative models have demonstrated potential, their adoption has been hindered by limitations such as…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-08-15 Yan Chen , Xueru Wang , Xiaobin Deng , Yilun Liu , Xi Chen , Yunwei Zhang , Lei Wang , Hang Xiao

This paper introduces a deep learning enabled generative sensing framework which integrates low-end sensors with computational intelligence to attain a high recognition accuracy on par with that attained with high-end sensors. The proposed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-10 Lina Karam , Tejas Borkar , Yu Cao , Junseok Chae

Recent advances in meta-optics have enabled diverse functionalities in compact optical devices; however, conventional forward design approaches become inadequate as device complexity and scale grow. Inverse design offers a powerful…

Molecular dynamics (MD) is a powerful technique for studying microscopic phenomena, but its computational cost has driven significant interest in the development of deep learning-based surrogate models. We introduce generative modeling of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-27 Bowen Jing , Hannes Stärk , Tommi Jaakkola , Bonnie Berger

Metamaterials are emerging as a new paradigmatic material system to render unprecedented and tailorable properties for a wide variety of engineering applications. However, the inverse design of metamaterial and its multiscale system is…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Liwei Wang , Yu-Chin Chan , Faez Ahmed , Zhao Liu , Ping Zhu , Wei Chen

We create an data-efficient and accurate surrogate model for structure-property linkages of spinodoid metamaterials with only 75 data points -- far fewer than the several thousands used in prior works -- and demonstrate its use in…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Max Rosenkranz , Markus Kästner , Ivo F. Sbalzarini

Despite recent advances, goal-directed generation of structured discrete data remains challenging. For problems such as program synthesis (generating source code) and materials design (generating molecules), finding examples which satisfy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Amina Mollaysa , Brooks Paige , Alexandros Kalousis

Learning controllable and generalizable representation of multivariate data with desired structural properties remains a fundamental problem in machine learning. In this paper, we present a novel framework for learning generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Ruixiang Zhang , Masanori Koyama , Katsuhiko Ishiguro

Recently, machine learning has been introduced in the inverse design of physical devices, i.e., the automatic generation of device geometries for a desired physical response. In particular, generative adversarial networks have been proposed…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-18 Timo Gahlmann , Philippe Tassin

Generative AI (GenAI) models excel in their ability to recognize patterns in existing data and generate new and unexpected content. Recent advances have motivated applications of GenAI tools (e.g., Stable Diffusion, ChatGPT) to professional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Matthew K. Hong , Shabnam Hakimi , Yan-Ying Chen , Heishiro Toyoda , Charlene Wu , Matt Klenk

Mechanical metamaterials utilize intricate architectural designs to achieve advanced properties beyond those of their bulk counterparts. Existing metamaterial designs often rely on design inspirations and extensive experimental and…