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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in understanding and analyzing code for security vulnerabilities, such as Common Weakness Enumerations (CWEs). However, their reliance on cloud infrastructure and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Md. Azizul Hakim Bappy , Hossen A Mustafa , Prottoy Saha , Rajinus Salehat

The rise of instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) marks a significant advancement in artificial intelligence (AI) (tailored to respond to specific prompts). Despite their popularity, applying such models to debug security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Mohammad Akyash , Hadi Mardani Kamali

In recent years, the AI wave has grown rapidly in software development. Even novice developers can now design and generate complex framework-constrained software systems based on their high-level requirements with the help of Large Language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yue Liu , Zhenchang Xing , Shidong Pan , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn

Standardized, one-size-fits-all educational content often fails to connect with students' individual backgrounds and interests, leading to disengagement and a perceived lack of relevance. To address this challenge, we introduce PAGE, a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Joy Jia Yin Lim , Daniel Zhang-Li , Jifan Yu , Xin Cong , Ye He , Zhiyuan Liu , Huiqin Liu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Bin Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as OpenAI Codex are increasingly being used as AI-based coding assistants. Understanding the impact of these tools on developers' code is paramount, especially as recent work showed that LLMs may suggest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Gustavo Sandoval , Hammond Pearce , Teo Nys , Ramesh Karri , Siddharth Garg , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt

System Instructions in Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly used to enforce safety policies, define agent behavior, and protect sensitive operational context in agentic AI applications. These instructions may contain sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Anubhab Sahu , Diptisha Samanta , Reza Soosahabi

Advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, offer significant opportunities to enhance instructional support in introductory programming courses. While extensive research has explored the effectiveness of LLMs in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Muntasir Hoq , Jessica Vandenberg , Shuyin Jiao , Seung Lee , Bradford Mott , Narges Norouzi , James Lester , Bita Akram

Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing education, with LLM-based agents playing a key role in simulating student behavior. A major challenge in student simulation is modeling the diverse learning patterns of students at various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Tao Wu , Jingyuan Chen , Wang Lin , Mengze Li , Yumeng Zhu , Ang Li , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in education, yet their default helpfulness often conflicts with pedagogical principles. Prior work evaluates pedagogical quality via answer leakage-the disclosure of complete solutions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jin Zhao , Marta Knežević , Tanja Käser

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a leap in artificial intelligence, excelling in tasks using human language(s). Although the main focus of general-purpose LLMs is not code generation, they have shown promising results in the domain.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Sanka Rasnayaka , Guanlin Wang , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Ganesh Neelakanta Iyer

Context: Traditional software security analysis methods struggle to keep pace with the scale and complexity of modern codebases, requiring intelligent automation to detect, assess, and remediate vulnerabilities more efficiently and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Shaznin Sultana , Sadia Afreen , Nasir U. Eisty

The evolving pedagogy paradigms are leading toward educational transformations. One fundamental aspect of effective learning is relevant, immediate, and constructive feedback to students. Providing constructive feedback to large cohorts in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Javed Ali Khan , Muhammad Yaqoob , Mamoona Tasadduq , Hafsa Shareef Dar , Aitezaz Ahsan

Students benefit from math problems contextualized to their interests. Large language models (LLMs) offer promise for efficient personalization at scale. However, LLM-generated personalized problems may often have problems such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Fareya Ikram , Nischal Ashok Kumar , Junyang Lu , Hunter McNichols , Candace Walkington , Neil Heffernan , Andrew S. Lan

The rapid emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents both opportunities and challenges for programming education. While students increasingly use generative AI tools, direct access often hinders the learning process by providing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Thomas Van Mullem , Bart Mesuere , Peter Dawyndt

Modern web applications are increasingly produced through AI-assisted development and rapid no-code deployment pipelines, widening the gap between accelerating software velocity and the limited adaptability of existing security tooling.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Akshat Singh Jaswal , Ashish Baghel

A high volume of recent ML security literature focuses on attacks against aligned large language models (LLMs). These attacks may extract private information or coerce the model into producing harmful outputs. In real-world deployments,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ang Li , Yin Zhou , Vethavikashini Chithrra Raghuram , Tom Goldstein , Micah Goldblum

The security guarantee of AI-enabled software systems (particularly using deep learning techniques as a functional core) is pivotal against the adversarial attacks exploiting software vulnerabilities. However, little attention has been paid…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Zhongzheng Lai , Huaming Chen , Ruoxi Sun , Yu Zhang , Minhui Xue , Dong Yuan

High-privilege LLM agents that autonomously process external documentation are increasingly trusted to automate tasks by reading and executing project instructions, yet they are granted terminal access, filesystem control, and outbound…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ching-Yu Kao , Xinfeng Li , Shenyu Dai , Tianze Qiu , Pengcheng Zhou , Eric Hanchen Jiang , Philip Sperl

Software security vulnerabilities allow attackers to perform malicious activities to disrupt software operations. Recent Transformer-based language models have significantly advanced vulnerability detection, surpassing the capabilities of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Haoye Tian , He Ye , Ruben Martins , Claire Le Goues

Vulnerability Detection (VD) using machine learning faces a significant challenge: the vast diversity of vulnerability types. Each Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) represents a unique category of vulnerabilities with distinct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Syafiq Al Atiiq , Christian Gehrmann , Kevin Dahlén , Karim Khalil