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We construct the canonical geodesic metric on the gasket of conformal loop ensembles (CLE$_\kappa$) in the regime $\kappa \in (4,8)$ where the loops intersect themselves, each other, and the domain boundary. Previous work of the authors and…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-05 Jason Miller , Yizheng Yuan

We study a class of approximation schemes aimed at constructing conformally covariant metrics defined in the gasket of a conformal loop ensemble (CLE$_\kappa$) for $\kappa \in (4,8)$. This is the range of parameter values so that the loops…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Valeria Ambrosio , Jason Miller , Yizheng Yuan

We prove the existence and uniqueness of the canonical conformally covariant volume measure on the carpet/gasket of a conformal loop ensemble (CLE$_\kappa$, $\kappa \in (8/3,8)$) which respects the Markov property for CLE. The starting…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-06-23 Jason Miller , Lukas Schoug

The conformal loop ensemble $\mathrm{CLE}_{\kappa}$ is the canonical conformally invariant probability measure on noncrossing loops in a proper simply connected domain in the complex plane. The parameter $\kappa$ varies between $8/3$ and…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-05 Jason Miller , Nike Sun , David B. Wilson

We prove that for each $\kappa \in (8/3, 4)$ there exists a geodesic metric on the carpet of a CLE$_\kappa$ which is canonical in the sense that it is characterized by a certain list of axioms. Our metric can be constructed explicitly as…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Jason Miller , Yi Tian

Conformal loop ensembles are random collections of loops in a simply connected domain, whose laws are characterized by a natural conformal invariance property. The set of points not surrounded by any CLE loop is a natural random and…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-10-10 Jason Miller , Scott Sheffield , Wendelin Werner

The conformal loop ensemble (CLE) is the canonical conformally invariant probability measure on non-crossing loops in a simply connected domain in $\mathbb C$ and is indexed by a parameter $\kappa \in (8/3,8)$. We consider CLE$_\kappa$ on…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-11 Ewain Gwynne , Jason Miller , Wei Qian

We use Minkowski content (i.e., natural parametrization) of SLE to construct several types of SLE$_\kappa$ loop measures for $\kappa\in(0,8)$. First, we construct rooted SLE$_\kappa$ loop measures in the Riemann sphere $\widehat{\mathbb…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-10-13 Dapeng Zhan

The conformal loop ensemble $\operatorname {CLE}_{\kappa}$ with parameter $8/3<\kappa<8$ is the canonical conformally invariant measure on countably infinite collections of noncrossing loops in a simply connected domain. Given $\kappa$ and…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-16 Jason Miller , Samuel S. Watson , David B. Wilson

We consider critical site percolation ($p=p_c=1/2$) on the triangular lattice $\mathbf{T}$ in two dimensions. We show that the simple random walk on the clusters of open vertices converges in the scaling limit to a continuous diffusion…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Irina Đanković , Maarten Markering , Jason Miller , Yizheng Yuan

The conformal loop ensemble (CLE) is a conformally invariant random collection of loops. In the non-simple regime $\kappa'\in (4,8)$, it describes the scaling limit of the critical Fortuin-Kasteleyn (FK) percolations. CLE percolations were…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-17 Haoyu Liu , Xin Sun , Pu Yu , Zijie Zhuang

The conformal loop ensemble CLE$_\kappa$ with parameter $8/3 < \kappa < 8$ is the canonical conformally invariant measure on countably infinite collections of non-crossing loops in a simply connected domain. We show that the number of loops…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-28 Jason Miller , Samuel S. Watson , David B. Wilson

We prove that the interface of critical site percolation on the triangular lattice converges to SLE$_6$ in its natural parametrization, where the discrete interface is parametrized such that each edge is crossed in one unit of time, while…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Nina Holden , Xinyi Li , Xin Sun

We study Conformal Loop Ensemble (CLE$_{\kappa}$) in doubly connected domains: annuli, the punctured disc, and the punctured plane. We restrict attention to CLE$_{\kappa}$ for which the loops are simple, i.e. $\kappa\in (8/3,4]$. In the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-11-06 Scott Sheffield , Samuel S. Watson , Hao Wu

We give conditions for the existence of the Minkowski content of limit sets stemming from infinite conformal graph directed systems. As an application we obtain Minkowski measurability of Apollonian gaskets, provide explicit formulae of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-02-10 Marc Kesseböhmer , Sabrina Kombrink

We show that the sum of the squares of the diameters of the complementary connected components of the CLE$_\kappa$ carpet/gasket is almost surely finite for $\kappa \in (8/3, 4) \cup (4, 8)$. This is a prerequisite for the application of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Cillian Doherty , Jason Miller

We study some conformally invariant dynamic ways to construct the Conformal Loop Ensembles with simple loops introduced in earlier papers by Sheffield, and by Sheffield and Werner. One outcome is a conformally invariant way to measure a…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-31 Wendelin Werner , Hao Wu

We prove global regularity, scattering and a priori bounds for the energy critical Maxwell-Klein-Gordon equation relative to the Coulomb gauge on (1+4)-dimensional Minkowski space. The proof is based upon a modified Bahouri-Gerard profile…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-11-23 Joachim Krieger , Jonas Luhrmann

The conformal loop ensembles CLE(k), defined for k in [8/3, 8], are random collections of loops in a planar domain which are conjectured scaling limits of the O(n) loop models. We calculate the distribution of the conformal radii of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-04-17 Oded Schramm , Scott Sheffield , David B. Wilson

We present an elementary proof establishing the equality of the right and left-sided $\sqrt{\kappa}$-quantum lengths for an SLE$_\kappa$ curve, where $\kappa\in (0,4]$. We achieve this by demonstrating that the$\sqrt{\kappa}$-quantum length…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Ellen Powell , Avelio Sepúlveda
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