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Vision Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly used for detecting AI-generated images (AIGI). However, converting VLMs into reliable detectors is resource-intensive, and the resulting models often suffer from hallucination and poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ruoxin Chen , Jiahui Gao , Kaiqing Lin , Keyue Zhang , Yandan Zhao , Isabel Guan , Taiping Yao , Shouhong Ding

Large language models (LLMs) have become central to modern AI workflows, powering applications from open-ended text generation to complex agent-based reasoning. However, debugging these models remains a persistent challenge due to their…

We find that large language models (LLMs) are more likely to modify human-written text than AI-generated text when tasked with rewriting. This tendency arises because LLMs often perceive AI-generated text as high-quality, leading to fewer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Chengzhi Mao , Carl Vondrick , Hao Wang , Junfeng Yang

Machine generated text is increasingly difficult to distinguish from human authored text. Powerful open-source models are freely available, and user-friendly tools that democratize access to generative models are proliferating. ChatGPT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Evan Crothers , Nathalie Japkowicz , Herna Viktor

Conventional, classification-based AI-generated image detection methods cannot explain why an image is considered real or AI-generated in a way a human expert would, which reduces the trustworthiness and persuasiveness of these detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Michael Yang , Shijian Deng , William T. Doan , Kai Wang , Tianyu Yang , Harsh Singh , Yapeng Tian

Developments in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and particularly large language models (LLMs), have created a 'perfect storm' for observing 'sparks' of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) that are spurious. Like simpler models,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Patrick Altmeyer , Andrew M. Demetriou , Antony Bartlett , Cynthia C. S. Liem

As Large Language Models (LLMs) have reached human-like fluency and coherence, distinguishing machine-generated text (MGT) from human-written content becomes increasingly difficult. While early efforts in MGT detection have focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Lucio La Cava , Dominik Macko , Róbert Móro , Ivan Srba , Andrea Tagarelli

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are increasingly being used for various use cases, including text content generation at scale. Although detection methods for such AI-generated text exist already, we investigate ChatGPT's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Amrita Bhattacharjee , Huan Liu

The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) has created an urgent need for robust tools to detect LLM-generated text, especially in light of \textit{paraphrasing} techniques that often evade existing detection methods. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Weiqing He , Bojian Hou , Tianqi Shang , Davoud Ataee Tarzanagh , Qi Long , Li Shen

AI and generative AI tools, including chatbots like ChatGPT that rely on large language models (LLMs), have burst onto the scene this year, creating incredible opportunities to increase work productivity and improve our lives. Statisticians…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Mark Glickman , Yi Zhang

Open Large Language Models (OLLMs) are increasingly leveraged in generative AI applications, posing new challenges for detecting their outputs. We propose OpenTuringBench, a new benchmark based on OLLMs, designed to train and evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Lucio La Cava , Andrea Tagarelli

Large language models (LLMs) have reached human-like proficiency in generating diverse textual content, underscoring the necessity for effective fake text detection to avoid potential risks such as fake news in social media. Previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Zhixin Lai , Xuesheng Zhang , Suiyao Chen

The rapid improvement of language models has raised the specter of abuse of text generation systems. This progress motivates the development of simple methods for detecting generated text that can be used by and explained to non-experts. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Sebastian Gehrmann , Hendrik Strobelt , Alexander M. Rush

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved their ability to generate natural language, making texts generated by LLMs increasingly indistinguishable from human-written texts. While recent research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Sergio E. Zanotto , Segun Aroyehun

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and the intensifying popularity of ChatGPT-like applications have blurred the boundary of high-quality text generation between humans and machines. However, in addition to the anticipated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Xiaomeng Hu , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho

Code contains security and functional bugs. The process of identifying and localizing them is difficult and relies on human labor. In this work, we present a novel approach (FLAG) to assist human debuggers. FLAG is based on the lexical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Baleegh Ahmad , Benjamin Tan , Ramesh Karri , Hammond Pearce

Detecting texts generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) could cause grave mistakes due to incorrect decisions, such as undermining students' academic dignity. LLM text detection thus needs to ensure the interpretability of the decision,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ryuto Koike , Masahiro Kaneko , Ayana Niwa , Preslav Nakov , Naoaki Okazaki

The autoregressive language model (ALM) trained with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is widely used in unconditional text generation. Due to exposure bias, the generated texts still suffer from low quality and diversity. This presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Xingyuan Chen , Ping Cai , Peng Jin , Hongjun Wang , Xinyu Dai , Jiajun Chen

Advances in AI-generated content have led to wide adoption of large language models, diffusion-based visual generators, and synthetic audio tools. However, these developments raise critical concerns about misinformation, copyright…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Lele Cao

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has created an urgent need to distinguish between human-written and LLM-generated text to ensure authenticity and societal trust. Existing detectors typically provide a binary classification for an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Mengchu Li , Jin Zhu , Jinglai Li , Chengchun Shi