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We study the problem of maintaining a breadth-first spanning tree and the induced BFS ordering in a directed graph under edge updates. While semi-dynamic algorithms are known, maintaining the spanning tree, level information, and numbering…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Gregory Morse , Tamás Kozsik

Highly dynamic networks are characterized by frequent changes in the availability of communication links. These networks are often partitioned into several components, which split and merge unpredictably. We present a distributed algorithm…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Matthieu Barjon , Arnaud Casteigts , Serge Chaumette , Colette Johnen , Yessin M. Neggaz

Depth first search (DFS) tree is a fundamental data structure for solving various problems in graphs. It is well known that it takes $O(m+n)$ time to build a DFS tree for a given undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ on $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Surender Baswana , Shreejit Ray Chaudhury , Keerti Choudhary , Shahbaz Khan

Depth first search (DFS) tree is a fundamental data structure for solving graph problems. The classical algorithm [SiComp74] for building a DFS tree requires $O(m+n)$ time for a given graph $G$ having $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. Recently,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-11 Shahbaz Khan

The forest matrix plays a crucial role in network science, opinion dynamics, and machine learning, offering deep insights into the structure of and dynamics on networks. In this paper, we study the problem of querying entries of the forest…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Haoxin Sun , Xiaotian Zhou , Zhongzhi Zhang

We introduce a notion for hierarchical graph clustering which we call the expander hierarchy and show a fully dynamic algorithm for maintaining such a hierarchy on a graph with $n$ vertices undergoing edge insertions and deletions using…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Gramoz Goranci , Harald Räcke , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Zihan Tan

In this paper, we present a fully-dynamic distributed algorithm for maintaining a minimum spanning tree on general graphs with positive real edge weights. The goal of a dynamic MST algorithm is to update efficiently the minimum spanning…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Pradosh Kumar Mohapatra

Neural networks have emerged as a powerful paradigm for tasks in high energy physics, yet their opaque training process renders them as a black box. In contrast, the traditional cut flow method offers simplicity and interpretability but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jing Li , Hao Sun

We present algorithms for distributed verification and silent-stabilization of a DFS(Depth First Search) spanning tree of a connected network. Computing and maintaining such a DFS tree is an important task, e.g., for constructing efficient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-19 Shay Kutten , Chhaya Trehan

We present a data structure that in a dynamic graph of treedepth at most $d$, which is modified over time by edge insertions and deletions, maintains an optimum-height elimination forest. The data structure achieves worst-case update time…

The dynamic trees problem is to maintain a forest subject to edge insertions and deletions while facilitating queries such as connectivity, path weights, and subtree weights. Dynamic trees are a fundamental building block of a large number…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Umut A. Acar , Daniel Anderson , Guy E. Blelloch , Laxman Dhulipala , Sam Westrick

We address the problem of building and maintaining distributed spanning trees in highly dynamic networks, in which topological events can occur at any time and any rate, and no stable periods can be assumed. In these harsh environments, we…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-07-23 Arnaud Casteigts , Serge Chaumette , Frédéric Guinand , Yoann Pigné

We study the problem of dynamically maintaining the connected components of an undirected graph subject to edge insertions and deletions. We give the first parallel algorithm for the problem which is work-efficient, supports batches of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Quinten De Man , Laxman Dhulipala , Adam Karczmarz , Jakub Łącki , Julian Shun , Zhongqi Wang

We present a Las Vegas algorithm for dynamically maintaining a minimum spanning forest of an $n$-node graph undergoing edge insertions and deletions. Our algorithm guarantees an $O(n^{o(1)})$ worst-case update time with high probability.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Danupon Nanongkai , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

Spanning trees of low average stretch on the non-tree edges, as introduced by Alon et al. [SICOMP 1995], are a natural graph-theoretic object. In recent years, they have found significant applications in solvers for symmetric diagonally…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Sebastian Forster , Gramoz Goranci

A cut tree (or Gomory-Hu tree) of an undirected weighted graph G=(V,E) encodes a minimum s-t-cut for each vertex pair {s,t} \subseteq V and can be iteratively constructed by n-1 maximum flow computations. They solve the multiterminal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-10-02 Tanja Hartmann , Dorothea Wagner

We present a practically efficient algorithm for maintaining a global minimum cut in large dynamic graphs under both edge insertions and deletions. While there has been theoretical work on this problem, our algorithm is the first…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Monika Henzinger , Alexander Noe , Christian Schulz

We study dynamic graph algorithms in the Massively Parallel Computation model, which was inspired by practical data processing systems. Our goal is to provide algorithms that can efficiently handle large batches of edge insertions and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Krzysztof Nowicki , Krzysztof Onak

We present a general toolbox, based on new vertex sparsifiers, for designing data structures to maintain shortest paths in dynamic graphs. In an $m$-edge graph undergoing edge insertions and deletions, our data structures give the first…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Rasmus Kyng , Simon Meierhans , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg

The fully dynamic transitive closure problem asks to maintain reachability information in a directed graph between arbitrary pairs of vertices, while the graph undergoes a sequence of edge insertions and deletions. The problem has been…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Kathrin Hanauer , Monika Henzinger , Christian Schulz
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