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Context. Microservice-based systems have gained significant attention over the past years. A critical factor for understanding and analyzing the behavior of these systems is the collection of monitoring data such as logs, metrics, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Alexander Bakhtin , Jesse Nyyssölä , Yuqing Wang , Noman Ahmad , Ke Ping , Matteo Esposito , Mika Mäntylä , Davide Taibi

Root cause analysis is one of the most crucial operations in software reliability regarding system performance diagnostic. It aims to identify the root causes of system performance anomalies, allowing the resolution or the future prevention…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Andrea Tonon , Meng Zhang , Bora Caglayan , Fei Shen , Tong Gui , MingXue Wang , Rong Zhou

Root Cause Analysis (RCA) plays an indispensable role in distributed data system maintenance and operations, as it bridges the gap between fault detection and system recovery. Existing works mainly study multidimensional localization or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Chaoyu Chen , Hang Yu , Zhichao Lei , Jianguo Li , Shaokang Ren , Tingkai Zhang , Silin Hu , Jianchao Wang , Wenhui Shi

Performance analysis of microservices can be a challenging task, as a typical request to these systems involves multiple Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) spanning across independent services and machines. Practitioners primarily rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Jessica Leone , Luca Traini

In real-world scenarios, due to the highly decoupled and flexible nature of microservices, it poses greater challenges to system reliability. The more frequent occurrence of incidents has created a demand for Root Cause Analysis(RCA)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Rui Ren

Effective root cause analysis (RCA) is vital for swiftly restoring services, minimizing losses, and ensuring the smooth operation and management of complex systems. Previous data-driven RCA methods, particularly those employing causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Lecheng Zheng , Zhengzhang Chen , Jingrui He , Haifeng Chen

To ensure the reliability of cloud systems, their performance is monitored using KPIs (key performance indicators). When issues arise, root cause localization identifies KPIs responsible for service degradation, aiding in quick diagnosis…

Microservice systems expose rich telemetry streams, including metrics, logs, and distributed traces. Existing performance anomaly detection methods increasingly model these systems as graphs, where nodes represent services and edges…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yunjian Ma

Identifying root causes for unexpected or undesirable behavior in complex systems is a prevalent challenge. This issue becomes especially crucial in modern cloud applications that employ numerous microservices. Although the machine learning…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Michaela Hardt , William R. Orchard , Patrick Blöbaum , Shiva Kasiviswanathan , Elke Kirschbaum

Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a quality management method that aims to systematically investigate and identify the cause-and-effect relationships of problems and their underlying causes. Traditional methods are based on the analysis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Lucas Possner , Lukas Bahr , Leonard Roehl , Christoph Wehner , Sophie Groeger

We study distribution-free root cause analysis in multi-stream data, where an evolving underlying system is observed through multiple data streams that may each undergo distributional changes at unknown timepoints. In such settings, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-22 Rohan Hore , Aaditya Ramdas

As modern microservice systems grow increasingly complex due to dynamic interactions and evolving runtime environments, they experience failures with rising frequency. Ensuring system reliability therefore critically depends on accurate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Lingzhe Zhang , Tong Jia , Kangjin Wang , Chiming Duan , Minghua He , Rongqian Wang , Xi Peng , Meiling Wang , Gong Zhang , Renhai Chen , Ying Li

Automatic failure diagnosis is crucial for large microservice systems. Currently, most failure diagnosis methods rely solely on single-modal data (i.e., using either metrics, logs, or traces). In this study, we conduct an empirical study…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Shenglin Zhang , Pengxiang Jin , Zihan Lin , Yongqian Sun , Bicheng Zhang , Sibo Xia , Zhengdan Li , Zhenyu Zhong , Minghua Ma , Wa Jin , Dai Zhang , Zhenyu Zhu , Dan Pei

To manage and maintain large-scale cellular networks, operators need to know which sectors underperform at any given time. For this purpose, they use the so-called hot spot score, which is the result of a combination of multiple network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Joan Serrà , Ilias Leontiadis , Alexandros Karatzoglou , Konstantina Papagiannaki

Ensuring the reliability and availability of complex networked services demands effective root cause analysis (RCA) across cloud environments, data centers, and on-premises networks. Traditional RCA methods, which involve manual inspection…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Alexander Shan , Jasleen Kaur , Rahul Singh , Tarun Banka , Raj Yavatkar , T. Sridhar

The task of root cause analysis (RCA) is to identify the root causes of system faults/failures by analyzing system monitoring data. Efficient RCA can greatly accelerate system failure recovery and mitigate system damages or financial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Dongjie Wang , Zhengzhang Chen , Yanjie Fu , Yanchi Liu , Haifeng Chen

This paper introduces a new structural causal model tailored for representing threshold-based IT systems and presents a new algorithm designed to rapidly detect root causes of anomalies in such systems. When root causes are not causally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Lei Zan , Charles K. Assaad , Emilie Devijver , Eric Gaussier , Ali Aït-Bachir

The microservice software architecture leverages the idea of splitting large monolithic applications into multiple smaller services that interact using lightweight communication schemes. While the microservice architecture has proven its…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Dāvis Kažemaks , Jérémie Decouchant

Microservice-based systems often suffer from reliability issues due to their intricate interactions and expanding scale. With the rapid growth of observability techniques, various methods have been proposed to achieve failure diagnosis,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Shuaiyu Xie , Jian Wang , Hanbin He , Zhihao Wang , Yuqi Zhao , Neng Zhang , Bing Li

The microservices architectural style offers many advantages such as scalability, reusability and ease of maintainability. As such microservices has become a common architectural choice when developing new applications. Hence, to benefit…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Khaled Sellami , Mohamed Aymen Saied , Ali Ouni