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The synthesis of complex natural products remains one of the grand challenges of organic chemistry. We present DeepRetro, a major advancement in computational retrosynthesis that enables the discovery of viable synthetic routes for complex…

We present an extension of our Molecular Transformer architecture combined with a hyper-graph exploration strategy for automatic retrosynthesis route planning without human intervention. The single-step retrosynthetic model sets a new state…

Retrosynthesis is the task of breaking down a chemical compound recursively step-by-step into molecular precursors until a set of commercially available molecules is found. Consequently, the goal is to provide a valid synthesis route for a…

Retrosynthesis, the process of breaking down a target molecule into simpler precursors through a series of valid reactions, stands at the core of organic chemistry and drug development. Although recent machine learning (ML) research has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haorui Wang , Jeff Guo , Lingkai Kong , Rampi Ramprasad , Philippe Schwaller , Yuanqi Du , Chao Zhang

Retrosynthesis consists of breaking down a chemical compound recursively step-by-step into molecular precursors until a set of commercially available molecules is found with the goal to provide a synthesis route. Its two primary research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Paula Torren-Peraire , Alan Kai Hassen , Samuel Genheden , Jonas Verhoeven , Djork-Arne Clevert , Mike Preuss , Igor Tetko

We investigate the ability of algorithms developed for reverse engineering of transcriptional regulatory networks to reconstruct metabolic networks from high-throughput metabolite profiling data. For this, we generate synthetic metabolic…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2007-11-19 Ilya Nemenman , G. Sean Escola , William S. Hlavacek , Pat J. Unkefer , Clifford J. Unkefer , Michael E. Wall

Retrosynthesis is essential for designing synthetic pathways for complex molecules and can be revolutionized by AI to automate and accelerate chemical synthesis planning for drug discovery and materials science. Here, we propose a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Seongeun Yun , Won Bo Lee

Retrosynthetic planning aims to devise a complete multi-step synthetic route from starting materials to a target molecule. Current strategies use a decoupled approach of single-step retrosynthesis models and search algorithms, taking only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Songtao Liu , Zhengkai Tu , Minkai Xu , Zuobai Zhang , Lu Lin , Rex Ying , Jian Tang , Peilin Zhao , Dinghao Wu

Computer-assisted synthesis planning aims to help chemists find better reaction pathways faster. Finding viable and short pathways from sugar molecules to value-added chemicals can be modeled as a retrosynthesis planning problem with a…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Peihong Jiang , Hieu Doan , Sandeep Madireddy , Rajeev Surendran Assary , Prasanna Balaprakash

Metabolomic data sets provide a direct read-out of cellular phenotypes and are increasingly generated to study biological questions. Our previous work revealed the potential of analyzing extracellular metabolomic data in the context of the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2016-06-10 Maike K. Aurich , Ronan M. T. Fleming , Ines Thiele

The identification of synthetic routes that end with a desired product has been an inherently time-consuming process that is largely dependent on expert knowledge regarding a limited fraction of the entire reaction space. At present,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-17 Zhongliang Guo , Stephen Wu , Mitsuru Ohno , Ryo Yoshida

Computer-assisted methods have emerged as valuable tools for retrosynthesis analysis. However, quantifying the plausibility of generated retrosynthesis routes remains a challenging task. We introduce Retro-BLEU, a statistical metric adapted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Junren Li , Lei Fang , Jian-Guang Lou

Leveraging artificial intelligence for automatic retrosynthesis speeds up organic pathway planning in digital laboratories. However, existing deep learning approaches are unexplainable, like "black box" with few insights, notably limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Yu Wang , Chao Pang , Yuzhe Wang , Yi Jiang , Junru Jin , Sirui Liang , Quan Zou , Leyi Wei

Retrosynthetic planning is a fundamental problem in chemistry for finding a pathway of reactions to synthesize a target molecule. Recently, search algorithms have shown promising results for solving this problem by using deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Junsu Kim , Sungsoo Ahn , Hankook Lee , Jinwoo Shin

The main target of retrosynthesis is to recursively decompose desired molecules into available building blocks. Existing template-based retrosynthesis methods follow a template selection stereotype and suffer from limited training…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-12-26 Chaochao Yan , Peilin Zhao , Chan Lu , Yang Yu , Junzhou Huang

Retrosynthesis, which aims to identify viable synthetic pathways for target molecules by decomposing them into simpler precursors, is often treated as a search problem. However, its complexity arises from multi-branched tree-structured…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Chengyang Tian , Yuhang Chang , Yangpeng Zhang , Yang Liu

Identifying reliable synthesis pathways in materials chemistry is a complex task, particularly in polymer science, due to the intricate and often non-unique nomenclature of macromolecules. To address this challenge, we propose an agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Qinyu Ma , Yuhao Zhou , Jianfeng Li

We introduce MHNpath, a machine learning-driven retrosynthetic tool designed for computer-aided synthesis planning. Leveraging modern Hopfield networks and novel comparative metrics, MHNpath efficiently prioritizes reaction templates,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Shivesh Prakash , Nandan Patel , Hans-Arno Jacobsen , Viki Kumar Prasad

Retrosynthesis planning remains a central challenge in molecular discovery due to the vast and complex chemical reaction space. While traditional template-based methods offer tractability, they suffer from poor scalability and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Nguyen Xuan-Vu , Daniel P Armstrong , Zlatko Jončev , Philippe Schwaller

From medicines to materials, small organic molecules are indispensable for human well-being. To plan their syntheses, chemists employ a problem solving technique called retrosynthesis. In retrosynthesis, target molecules are recursively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Marwin H. S. Segler , Mike Preuss , Mark P. Waller
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