Related papers: Degree Variance and the Fuzzy Sigma Index in Fuzzy…
The fuzzy Sombor index applies the classical Sombor index to fuzzy graphs, incorporating both edge membership values and fuzzy vertex degrees. For $\alpha>1$, the general fuzzy Sombor index it is defined as \[…
The sigma index in graph theory refers to a measure of the degree differences between vertices in a graph. The goal is to determine the graphs that have the maximum sigma index within certain classes of graphs. Abdo, Dimitrov, and Gutman…
The aim of this work is to obtain new inequalities for the variable symmetric division deg index $SDD_\alpha(G) = \sum_{uv \in E(G)} (d_u^\alpha/d_v^\alpha+d_v^\alpha/d_u^\alpha)$, and to characterize graphs extremal with respect to them.…
The $\sigma_{t}$-irregularity (or sigma total index) is a graph invariant which is defined as $\sigma_{t}(G)=\sum_{\{u,v\}\subseteq V(G)}(d(u)-d(v))^{2},$ where $d(z)$ denotes the degree of $z$. This irregularity measure was proposed by R\'…
A large number of graph invariants of the form $\sum_{uv \in E(G)} F(d_u,d_v)$ are studied in mathematical chemistry, where $uv$ denotes the edge of the graph $G$ connecting the vertices $u$ and $v$, and $d_u$ is the degree of the vertex…
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the degree index and clustering index in random graphs. The degree index in our setup is a certain measure of degree irregularity whose basic properties are well studied in the literature, and the…
Topological indices play a vital role in the area of graph theory and fuzzy graph (FG) theory. It has wide applications in the areas such as chemical graph theory, mathematical chemistry, etc. Topological indices produce a numerical…
Consider a random graph process where vertices are chosen from the interval $[0,1]$, and edges are chosen independently at random, but so that, for a given vertex $x$, the probability that there is an edge to a vertex $y$ decreases as the…
In this paper, we establishe the extremal bounds of the topological indices -- Sigma index -- focusing on analyzing the sharp upper bounds and the lower bounds of the Sigma index, which is known $\sigma(G)=\sum_{uv\in…
Especially in research areas of computer science such as data mining, image segmentation, clustering image capturing and networking. The interval-valued fuzzy graphs are more flexible and compatible than fuzzy graphs due to the fact that…
We perform a detailed statistical study of the distribution of topological and spectral indices on random graphs $G=(V,E)$ in a wide range of connectivity regimes. First, we consider degree-based topological indices (TIs), and focus on two…
Let $G$ be a graph with edge set $E(G)$. Denote by $d_w$ the degree of a vertex $w$ of $G$. The sigma index of $G$ is defined as $\sum_{uv\in E(G)}(d_u-d_v)^2$. A connected graph of order $n$ and size $n+k-1$ is known as a connected…
For a graph $G$ with vertex set $V_{G}$ and edge set $E_{G}$, the symmetric division deg index is defined as $SDD(G)=\sum\limits_{uv\in E_{G}}(\frac{d_{u}}{d_{v}}+\frac{d_{v}}{d_{u}})$, where $d_{u}$ denotes the degree of vertex $u$ in $G$.…
The harmonic index of a graph $G$ is defined as the sum of weights $\frac{2}{deg(v) + deg(u)}$ of all edges $uv$ of $E (G)$, where $deg (v)$ denotes the degree of a vertex $v$ in $V (G)$. In this note we generalize results of [L. Zhong, The…
Concepts of graph theory have applications in many areas of computer science including data mining, image segmentation, clustering, image capturing, networks, etc . An interval-valued fuzzy set is a generalization of the notion of a fuzzy…
A graph $G = (V, E)$ of bounded degree has an adjacency operator~$A$ which acts on the Hilbert space $\ell^2(V)$. There are different kinds of measures of interest on the spectrum $\Sigma (A)$ of $A$. In particular, each vector $\xi \in…
A sum graph is a finite simple graph whose vertex set is labeled with distinct positive integers such that two vertices are adjacent if and only if the sum of their labels is itself another label. The spum of a graph $G$ is the minimum…
Recently, Gutman defined a new vertex-degree-based graph invariant, named the Sombor index $SO$ of a graph $G$, and is defined by $$SO(G)=\sum_{uv\in E(G)}\sqrt{d_G(u)^2+d_G(v)^2},$$ where $d_G(v)$ is the degree of the vertex $v$ of $G$. In…
For a graph representation of a dataset, a straightforward normality measure for a sample can be its graph degree. Considering a weighted graph, degree of a sample is the sum of the corresponding row's values in a similarity matrix. The…
This paper is devoted to the relationships and properties of the endograph metric and the $\Gamma$-convergence. The main contents can be divided into three closely related parts. Firstly, on the class of upper semi-continuous fuzzy sets…