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The development of ethical AI systems is currently geared toward setting objective functions that align with human objectives. However, finding such functions remains a research challenge, while in RL, setting rewards by hand is a fairly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Marcin Korecki , Damian Dailisan , Cesare Carissimo

In this note, we explore inference-time alignment through in-context learning. We consider a vanilla pretrained language model Llama-2 before any fine-tuning and retrieve an average of 9 demonstration alignment examples when the model is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Xiaochuang Han

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in high-stakes medical settings poses a critical AI alignment challenge, as models can inherit and amplify societal biases, leading to significant disparities. Existing fairness evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shreyash Adappanavar , Krithi Shailya , Gokul S Krishnan , Sriraam Natarajan , Balaraman Ravindran

Alignment tuning has enabled large language models to excel in reasoning, instruction-following, and minimizing harmful generations. However, despite their widespread deployment, these models exhibit a monolingual bias, raising concerns…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Nikhil Verma , Manasa Bharadwaj

Mid-training has become an important stage in modern LLM development, using large-scale curated mixtures to strengthen capabilities before final post-training. Its data selection problem is distinct: the data are optimized under a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Haowen Wang , Yaxin Du , Jian Yang , Jiajun Wu , Shukai Liu , Yuxuan Zhang , Pingjie Wang , Siheng Chen , Tuney Zheng , Ming Zhou , Xianglong Liu

Large language models (LLMs) trained on internet-scale corpora can exhibit systematic biases that increase the probability of unwanted behavior. In this study, we examined potential biases towards synthetic vs. biological technological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Trent R Northen , Mingxun Wang

In this work we explore recent advances in instruction-tuning language models on a range of open instruction-following datasets. Despite recent claims that open models can be on par with state-of-the-art proprietary models, these claims are…

We aim to create the highest possible quality of treatment-control matches for categorical data in the potential outcomes framework. Matching methods are heavily used in the social sciences due to their interpretability, but most matching…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-11 Yameng Liu , Aw Dieng , Sudeepa Roy , Cynthia Rudin , Alexander Volfovsky

In this paper, we investigate whether current state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) are effective as AI tutors and whether they demonstrate pedagogical abilities necessary for good AI tutoring in educational dialogues. Previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Kseniia Petukhova , Ekaterina Kochmar

Multimodal models typically combine a powerful large language model (LLM) with a vision encoder and are then trained on multimodal data via instruction tuning. While this process adapts LLMs to multimodal settings, it remains unclear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Neale Ratzlaff , Man Luo , Xin Su , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

Successful Artificial Intelligence systems often require numerous labeled data to extract information from document images. In this paper, we investigate the problem of improving the performance of Artificial Intelligence systems in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Bao-Sinh Nguyen , Dung Tien Le , Hieu M. Vu , Tuan Anh D. Nguyen , Minh-Tien Nguyen , Hung Le

Temporal grounding is crucial in multimodal learning, but it poses challenges when applied to animal behavior data due to the sparsity and uniform distribution of moments. To address these challenges, we propose a novel Positional Recovery…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Sheng Yan , Xin Du , Zongying Li , Yi Wang , Hongcang Jin , Mengyuan Liu

Modern language models (LMs) need to follow human instructions while being faithful; yet, they often fail to achieve both. Here, we provide concrete evidence of a trade-off between instruction following (i.e., follow open-ended…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Zhengxuan Wu , Yuhao Zhang , Peng Qi , Yumo Xu , Rujun Han , Yian Zhang , Jifan Chen , Bonan Min , Zhiheng Huang

Integrating audio and visual data for training multimodal foundational models remains a challenge. The Audio-Video Vector Alignment (AVVA) framework addresses this by considering AV scene alignment beyond mere temporal synchronization, and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Ali Vosoughi , Dimitra Emmanouilidou , Hannes Gamper

The concepts of ``human-centered AI'' and ``value-based decision'' have gained significant attention in both research and industry. However, many critical aspects remain underexplored and require further investigation. In particular, there…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Sz-Ting Tzeng , Frank Dignum

Intelligent instruction-following robots capable of improving from autonomously collected experience have the potential to transform robot learning: instead of collecting costly teleoperated demonstration data, large-scale deployment of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Zhiyuan Zhou , Pranav Atreya , Abraham Lee , Homer Walke , Oier Mees , Sergey Levine

Multilingual pre-trained models exhibit zero-shot cross-lingual transfer, where a model fine-tuned on a source language achieves surprisingly good performance on a target language. While studies have attempted to understand transfer, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Henry Tang , Ameet Deshpande , Karthik Narasimhan

Visual instruction tuning has recently shown encouraging progress with open-source large multimodal models (LMM) such as LLaVA and MiniGPT-4. However, most existing studies of open-source LMM are performed using models with 13B parameters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Yadong Lu , Chunyuan Li , Haotian Liu , Jianwei Yang , Jianfeng Gao , Yelong Shen

Current AI training methods align models with human values only after their core capabilities have been established, resulting in models that are easily misaligned and lack deep-rooted value systems. We propose a paradigm shift from "model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Roland Aydin , Christian Cyron , Steve Bachelor , Ashton Anderson , Robert West

Large language models show compelling performance on reasoning tasks but they tend to perform much worse in languages other than English. This is unsurprising given that their training data largely consists of English text and instructions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Wenhao Zhu , Shujian Huang , Fei Yuan , Shuaijie She , Jiajun Chen , Alexandra Birch
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