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Model merging integrates the weights of multiple task-specific models into a single multi-task model. Despite recent interest in the problem, a significant performance gap between the combined and single-task models remains. In this paper,…

Model merging aims to cheaply combine individual task-specific models into a single multitask model. In this work, we view past merging methods as leveraging different notions of a ''task parameter subspace'' in which models are matched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Derek Tam , Mohit Bansal , Colin Raffel

In the era of large language models, model merging is a promising way to combine multiple task-specific models into a single multitask model without extra training. However, two challenges remain: (a) interference between different models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Zhenyi Lu , Chenghao Fan , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Dangyang Chen , Yu Cheng

Transfer learning has become a powerful tool to initialize deep learning models to achieve faster convergence and higher performance. This is especially useful in the medical imaging analysis domain, where data scarcity limits possible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Ibrahim Almakky , Santosh Sanjeev , Anees Ur Rehman Hashmi , Mohammad Areeb Qazi , Hu Wang , Mohammad Yaqub

Transfer learning - i.e., further fine-tuning a pre-trained model on a downstream task - can confer significant advantages, including improved downstream performance, faster convergence, and better sample efficiency. These advantages have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Prateek Yadav , Derek Tam , Leshem Choshen , Colin Raffel , Mohit Bansal

Multi-task learning (MTL) is often achieved by merging datasets before fine-tuning, but the growing availability of fine-tuned models has led to new approaches such as model merging via task arithmetic. A major challenge in this setting is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Brahim Touayouch , Loïc Fosse , Géraldine Damnati , Gwénolé Lecorvé

Model merging (e.g., via interpolation or task arithmetic) fuses multiple models trained on different tasks to generate a multi-task solution. The technique has been proven successful in previous studies, where the models are trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Yi-Lin Sung , Linjie Li , Kevin Lin , Zhe Gan , Mohit Bansal , Lijuan Wang

Multi-task model merging offers a promising paradigm for integrating multiple expert models into a unified model without additional training. Existing state-of-the-art techniques, such as Task Arithmetic and its variants, merge models by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Wenju Sun , Qingyong Li , Yangli-ao Geng , Boyang Li

Vision-language pre-training like CLIP has shown promising performance on various downstream tasks such as zero-shot image classification and image-text retrieval. Most of the existing CLIP-alike works usually adopt relatively large image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Ying Nie , Wei He , Kai Han , Yehui Tang , Tianyu Guo , Fanyi Du , Yunhe Wang

Model merging has recently gained attention as an economical and scalable approach to incorporate task-specific weights from various tasks into a unified multi-task model. For example, in Task Arithmetic (TA), adding the fine-tuned weights…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Feng Xiong , Runxi Cheng , Wang Chen , Zhanqiu Zhang , Yiwen Guo , Chun Yuan , Ruifeng Xu

Several Scientific and engineering applications require merging of sampled images for complex perception development. In most cases, for such requirements, images are merged at intensity level. Even though it gives fairly good perception of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-08-01 T. R. Gopalakrishnan Nair , Richa Sharma

Multi-task learning solves multiple correlated tasks. However, conflicts may exist between them. In such circumstances, a single solution can rarely optimize all the tasks, leading to performance trade-offs. To arrive at a set of optimized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Lu Bai , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

Model merging techniques aim to integrate the abilities of multiple models into a single model. Most model merging techniques have hyperparameters, and their setting affects the performance of the merged model. Because several existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rio Akizuki , Yuya Kudo , Nozomu Yoshinari , Yoichi Hirose , Toshiyuki Nishimoto , Kento Uchida , Shinichi Shirakawa

Multi-task learning promises better model generalization on a target task by jointly optimizing it with an auxiliary task. However, the current practice requires additional labeling efforts for the auxiliary task, while not guaranteeing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Menelaos Kanakis , Thomas E. Huang , David Bruggemann , Fisher Yu , Luc Van Gool

In the era of large-scale training, model merging has evolved into a tool for creating multitasking models efficiently. It enables the knowledge of models to be fused, without the need for heavy computation as required in traditional…

Model merging aims to build a multi-task learner by combining the parameters of individually fine-tuned models without additional training. While a straightforward approach is to average model parameters across tasks, this often results in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Jiho Choi , Donggyun Kim , Chanhyuk Lee , Seunghoon Hong

Recently, there have been breakthroughs in computer vision ("CV") models that are more generalizable with the advent of models such as CLIP and ALIGN. In this paper, we analyze CLIP and highlight some of the challenges such models pose.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Sandhini Agarwal , Gretchen Krueger , Jack Clark , Alec Radford , Jong Wook Kim , Miles Brundage

In this study, we show that landmark detection or face alignment task is not a single and independent problem. Instead, its robustness can be greatly improved with auxiliary information. Specifically, we jointly optimize landmark detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Zhanpeng Zhang , Ping Luo , Chen Change Loy , Xiaoou Tang

From a multi-model compression perspective, model merging enables memory-efficient serving of multiple models fine-tuned from the same base, but suffers from degraded performance due to interference among their task-specific parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Hangyu Zhou , Aaron Gokaslan , Volodymyr Kuleshov , Bharath Hariharan

Model merging aims to efficiently combine the weights of multiple expert models, each trained on a specific task, into a single multi-task model, with strong performance across all tasks. When applied to all but the last layer of weights,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Ekansh Sharma , Daniel M. Roy , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite