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Despite recent progress, vision-language encoders struggle with two core limitations: (1) weak alignment between language and dense vision features, which hurts tasks like open-vocabulary semantic segmentation; and (2) high token counts for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Savya Khosla , Sethuraman T , Aryan Chadha , Alex Schwing , Derek Hoiem

The evolution toward 6G networks demands a fundamental shift from bit-centric transmission to semantic-aware communication that emphasizes task-relevant information. This work introduces TOAST (Task-Oriented Adaptive Semantic Transmission),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Sheng Yun , Jianhua Pei , Ping Wang

Semantic communication stands out as a highly promising avenue for future developments in communications. Theoretically, source compression coding based on semantics can achieve lower rates than Shannon entropy. This paper introduces a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Jin Xu , Kai Niu , Zijian Liang , Ping Zhang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) are powerful tools that are capable of reasoning and understanding multimodal information beyond text and language. Despite their entrenched impact, the development of LMMs is hindered by the higher…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Vittorio Pippi , Matthieu Guillaumin , Silvia Cascianelli , Rita Cucchiara , Maximilian Jaritz , Loris Bazzani

Tokenization is a fundamental component of language models for code. It involves breaking down the input into units that are later passed to the language model stack to learn high-dimensional representations used in various contexts, from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Mootez Saad , Hao Li , Tushar Sharma , Ahmed E. Hassan

Matching and retrieving previously translated segments from a Translation Memory is the key functionality in Translation Memories systems. However this matching and retrieving process is still limited to algorithms based on edit distance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Tharindu Ranasinghe , Constantin Orasan , Ruslan Mitkov

Discrete speech representation learning has recently attracted increasing interest in both acoustic and semantic modeling. Existing approaches typically encode 16 kHz waveforms into discrete tokens at a rate of 25 or 50 tokens per second.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jialong Zuo , Guangyan Zhang , Minghui Fang , Shengpeng Ji , Xiaoqi Jiao , Jingyu Li , Yiwen Guo , Zhou Zhao

Semantic communication (SemCom) is accelerating its momentum to catch up with the massive increase in users' demands in both quantity and quality, with the assistance of advanced deep learning (DL) techniques. Specifically, SemCom can…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Loc X. Nguyen , Phuong-Nam Tran , Trung Thanh Pham , Avi Deb Raha , Eui-Nam Huh , Zhu Han , Choong Seon Hong

Semantic communication is a new paradigm that aims at providing more efficient communication for the next-generation wireless network. It focuses on transmitting extracted, meaningful information instead of the raw data. However, deep…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Yang Li , Xinyu Zhou , Jun Zhao

Token communication (TC) is poised to play a pivotal role in emerging language-driven applications such as AI-generated content (AIGC) and wireless language models (LLMs). However, token loss caused by channel noise can severely degrade…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-29 Seunghun Lee , Jihong Park , Jinho Choi , Hyuncheol Park

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems based on transformer architectures, such as Whisper, offer high transcription accuracy and robustness. However, their autoregressive decoding is computationally expensive, hence limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Tuan Vu Ho , Hiroaki Kokubo , Masaaki Yamamoto , Yohei Kawaguchi

Recent advancements in quantum computing highlight the need for efficient encoding of classical data into quantum states to ensure robust quantum information processing. Traditional encoding schemes often impose impractical requirements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Hyunho Cha , Wonjung Kim , Jungwoo Lee

This paper presents Self-correcting Encoding (Secoco), a framework that effectively deals with input noise for robust neural machine translation by introducing self-correcting predictors. Different from previous robust approaches, Secoco…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Tao Wang , Chengqi Zhao , Mingxuan Wang , Lei Li , Hang Li , Deyi Xiong

This article introduces a novel and fast method for refining pre-trained static word or, more generally, token embeddings. By incorporating the embeddings of neighboring tokens in text corpora, it continuously updates the representation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Mario M. Kubek , Shiraj Pokharel , Thomas Böhme , Emma L. McDaniel , Herwig Unger , Armin R. Mikler

Ultra-high-definition (UHD) image restoration is vital for applications demanding exceptional visual fidelity, yet existing methods often face a trade-off between restoration quality and efficiency, limiting their practical deployment. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Xin Su , Chen Wu , Zhuoran Zheng

Gloss-free Sign Language Translation (SLT) has advanced rapidly, achieving strong performances without relying on gloss annotations. However, these gains have often come with increased model complexity and high computational demands,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 JianHe Low , Ozge Mercanoglu Sincan , Richard Bowden

Auto-Encoders are unsupervised models that aim to learn patterns from observed data by minimizing a reconstruction cost. The useful representations learned are often found to be sparse and distributed. On the other hand, compressed sensing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-14 Devansh Arpit , Yingbo Zhou , Hung Q. Ngo , Nils Napp , Venu Govindaraju

Recently, network coding technique has emerged as a promising approach that supports reliable transmission over wireless loss channels. In existing protocols where users have no interest in considering the encoded packets they had in coding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-09-16 Zhiheng Zhou , Liang Zhou , Yuanquan Tan , Xing Wang

Language models have been effectively applied to modeling natural signals, such as images, video, speech, and audio. A crucial component of these models is the codec tokenizer, which compresses high-dimensional natural signals into…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Shengpeng Ji , Ziyue Jiang , Wen Wang , Yifu Chen , Minghui Fang , Jialong Zuo , Qian Yang , Xize Cheng , Zehan Wang , Ruiqi Li , Ziang Zhang , Xiaoda Yang , Rongjie Huang , Yidi Jiang , Qian Chen , Siqi Zheng , Zhou Zhao

We study semantic compression for text where meanings contained in the text are conveyed to a source decoder, e.g., for classification. The main motivator to move to such an approach of recovering the meaning without requiring exact…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Emrecan Kutay , Aylin Yener