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A key challenge in satisficing planning is to use multiple heuristics within one heuristic search. An aggregation of multiple heuristic estimates, for example by taking the maximum, has the disadvantage that bad estimates of a single…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-13 David Speck , André Biedenkapp , Frank Hutter , Robert Mattmüller , Marius Lindauer

Combinatorial optimization problems are notoriously challenging due to their discrete structure and exponentially large solution space. Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning (DRL) have enabled the learning heuristics directly from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shengda Gu , Kai Li , Junliang Xing , Yifan Zhang , Jian Cheng

Conventional mechanical design follows an iterative process in which initial concepts are refined through cycles of expert assessment and resource-intensive Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis to meet performance goals. While machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yayati Jadhav , Amir Barati Farimani

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong reasoning and coding capabilities, yet they struggle to generalize to real-world software engineering (SWE) problems that are long-horizon and out of distribution. Existing systems often rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Iris Xu , Guangtao Zeng , Zexue He , Charles Jin , Aldo Pareja , Dan Gutfreund , Chuang Gan , Zhang-Wei Hong

Multi-objective optimization is a common problem in practical applications, and multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) is considered as one of the effective methods to solve these problems. However, their randomness sometimes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Wanyi Liu , Long Chen , Zhenzhou Tang

Long-term memory is one of the key factors influencing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Model Agents (LLM Agents). Incorporating a memory mechanism that effectively integrates past interactions can significantly enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Haoran Sun , Shaoning Zeng

Automatic Heuristic Design (AHD) has gained traction as a promising solution for solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged and become a promising approach to achieving AHD, but current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jiawei Xu , Feng-Feng Wei , Wei-Neng Chen

Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffers from sample inefficiency in sparse reward domains, and the problem is further pronounced in case of stochastic transitions. To improve the sample efficiency, reward shaping is a well-studied approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Siddhant Bhambri , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Durgesh Kalwar , Lin Guan , Huan Liu , Subbarao Kambhampati

Automated optimization modeling via Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising approach to assist complex human decision-making. While post-training has become a pivotal technique to enhance LLMs' capabilities in this domain,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Weiting Liu , Han Wu , Yufei Kuang , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Jianfeng Feng , Wenlian Lu

Pruning is an effective method to reduce the memory footprint and computational cost associated with large natural language processing models. However, current pruning algorithms either only focus on one pruning category, e.g., structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Zhewei Yao , Xiaoxia Wu , Linjian Ma , Sheng Shen , Kurt Keutzer , Michael W. Mahoney , Yuxiong He

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse natural language processing tasks but face persistent challenges in inference efficiency due to their autoregressive nature. While speculative decoding and beam…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jaydip Sen , Harshitha Puvvala , Subhasis Dasgupta

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities. Nevertheless, they still suffer from factual errors when tackling knowledge-intensive tasks. Retrieval-augmented reasoning represents a promising approach.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Zheng Chu , Jingchang Chen , Qianglong Chen , Haotian Wang , Kun Zhu , Xiyuan Du , Weijiang Yu , Ming Liu , Bing Qin

Optimization benchmarks play a fundamental role in assessing algorithm performance; however, existing artificial benchmarks often fail to capture the diversity and irregularity of real-world problem structures, while benchmarks derived from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Yuhiro Ono , Tomohiro Harada , Yukiya Miura

Automated design of metaheuristic algorithms offers an attractive avenue to reduce human effort and gain enhanced performance beyond human intuition. Current automated methods design algorithms within a fixed structure and operate from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Qi Zhao , Tengfei Liu , Bai Yan , Qiqi Duan , Jian Yang , Yuhui Shi

The way heuristic optimizers are designed has evolved over the decades, as computing power has increased. Such has been the case for the Linear Ordering Problem (LOP), a field in which trajectory-based strategies led the way during the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Lázaro Lugo , Carlos Segura , Gara Miranda

The rising computational and energy demands of deep learning, particularly in large-scale architectures such as foundation models and large language models (LLMs), pose significant challenges to sustainability. Traditional gradient-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Mohammad Saleh Vahdatpour , Huaiyuan Chu , Yanqing Zhang

This paper presents the constrained Hybrid Metaheuristic (cHM) algorithm as a general framework for continuous optimisation. Unlike many existing metaheuristics that are tailored to specific function classes or problem domains, cHM is…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Piotr A. Kowalski , Szymon Kucharczyk , Jacek Mańdziuk

Large language model (LLM) agents demonstrate strong performance in short-text contexts but often underperform in extended dialogues due to inefficient memory management. Existing approaches face a fundamental trade-off between efficiency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Xiaochen Zhao , Kaikai Wang , Xiaowen Zhang , Chen Yao , Aili Wang

Meta-black-box optimization has been significantly advanced through the use of large language models (LLMs), yet in fancy on constrained evolutionary optimization. In this work, AwesomeDE is proposed that leverages LLMs as the strategy of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xu Yang , Rui Wang , Kaiwen Li , Wenhua Li , Weixiong Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have already been widely adopted for automated algorithm design, demonstrating strong abilities in generating and evolving algorithms across various fields. Existing work has largely focused on examining their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Qi Huang , Furong Ye , Ananta Shahane , Thomas Bäck , Niki van Stein