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The rise of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), renowned for their advanced instruction-following and reasoning capabilities, has significantly propelled the field of visual reasoning. However, due to limitations in their image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Jiaxing Chen , Yuxuan Liu , Dehu Li , Xiang An , Weimo Deng , Ziyong Feng , Yongle Zhao , Yin Xie

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency on general-purpose vision-language benchmarks, reaching or even exceeding human-level performance. However, these evaluations typically rely on standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wenjin Hou , Wei Liu , Han Hu , Xiaoxiao Sun , Serena Yeung-Levy , Hehe Fan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven highly effective in eliciting the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Inspired by this success, recent studies have explored applying similar techniques to vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yan Chen , Long Li , Teng Xi , Long Zeng , Jingdong Wang

Vision-language models are integral to computer vision research, yet many high-performing models remain closed-source, obscuring their data, design and training recipe. The research community has responded by using distillation from…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled a wide range of advanced vision-language applications, including fine-grained object recognition and contextual understanding. When querying specific regions or objects in an image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Mingjie Xu , Jinpeng Chen , Yuzhi Zhao , Jason Chun Lok Li , Yue Qiu , Zekang Du , Mengyang Wu , Pingping Zhang , Kun Li , Hongzheng Yang , Wenao Ma , Jiaheng Wei , Qinbin Li , Kangcheng Liu , Wenqiang Lei

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities on vision-and-language tasks. However, recent findings reveal an imbalance in their reasoning capabilities across visual and textual modalities. Specifically,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Guanyu Yao , Qiucheng Wu , Yang Zhang , Zhaowen Wang , Handong Zhao , Shiyu Chang

Visually linking matching cues is a crucial ability in daily life, such as identifying the same person in multiple photos based on their cues, even without knowing who they are. Despite the extensive knowledge that vision-language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Jianshu Zhang , Dongyu Yao , Renjie Pi , Paul Pu Liang , Yi R. Fung

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have benefited from Reinforcement Learning (RL) for enhanced reasoning. However, existing methods still face critical limitations, including the lack of low-level visual information and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zhiheng Wu , Tong Wang , Shuning Wang , Naiming Liu , Yumeng Zhang

Diagrams represent a form of visual language that encodes abstract concepts and relationships through structured symbols and their spatial arrangements. Unlike natural images, they are inherently symbolic, and entirely artificial. They thus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yanpeng Sun , Shan Zhang , Wei Tang , Aotian Chen , Piotr Koniusz , Kai Zou , Yuan Xue , Anton van den Hengel

LLMs are increasingly deployed as agents, systems capable of planning, reasoning, and dynamically calling external tools. However, in visual reasoning, prior approaches largely remain limited by predefined workflows and static toolsets. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Shitian Zhao , Haoquan Zhang , Shaoheng Lin , Ming Li , Qilong Wu , Kaipeng Zhang , Chen Wei

Reasoning-augmented vision language models (VLMs) generate explicit chains of thought that promise greater capability and transparency but also introduce new failure modes: models may reach correct answers via visually unfaithful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Rheeya Uppaal , Phu Mon Htut , Min Bai , Nikolaos Pappas , Zheng Qi , Sandesh Swamy

Chain-of-thought reasoning has significantly improved the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various domains. However, this reasoning process has been confined exclusively to textual space, limiting its effectiveness in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Haozhe Wang , Alex Su , Weiming Ren , Fangzhen Lin , Wenhu Chen

To utilize visual information, Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) relies on the perception process of its vision encoder. The completeness and accuracy of visual perception significantly influence the precision of spatial reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Runpeng Yu , Xinyin Ma , Xinchao Wang

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown unprecedented capabilities in advancing various vision-language tasks. However, MLLMs face significant challenges with hallucinations, and misleading outputs that do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Liangming Pan , William Yang Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown strong potential as multilingual Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents, as evidenced by existing GUI benchmarks. However, these benchmarks exhibit two primary limitations: (1) although…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Ruihan Chen , Qiming Li , Xiaocheng Feng , Weihong Zhong , Xiaoliang Yang , Yuxuan Gu , Zekun Zhou , Yunfei Lu , Haoyu Ren , Kun Chen , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have shown incredible capabilities in a variety of 2D vision and language tasks. We extend MLLMs' perceptual capabilities to ground and reason about images in 3-dimensional space. To that end, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jang Hyun Cho , Boris Ivanovic , Yulong Cao , Edward Schmerling , Yue Wang , Xinshuo Weng , Boyi Li , Yurong You , Philipp Krähenbühl , Yan Wang , Marco Pavone

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly being regarded as foundation models that can be instructed to solve diverse tasks by prompting, without task-specific training. We examine the seemingly obvious question: how to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Niccolo Avogaro , Thomas Frick , Mattia Rigotti , Andrea Bartezzaghi , Filip Janicki , Cristiano Malossi , Konrad Schindler , Roy Assaf

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress on a wide range of challenging multimodal understanding and reasoning tasks. However, existing reasoning paradigms, such as the classical Chain-of-Thought (CoT), rely solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Yukun Qi , Pei Fu , Hang Li , Yuhan Liu , Chao Jiang , Bin Qin , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan

The rapid development of Multi-modality Large Language Models (MLLMs) has navigated a paradigm shift in computer vision, moving towards versatile foundational models. However, evaluating MLLMs in low-level visual perception and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zicheng Zhang , Haoning Wu , Erli Zhang , Guangtao Zhai , Weisi Lin

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) emphasize long chain-of-thought reasoning; yet, we find that their performance on visual tasks is primarily limited by a lack of visual perception as opposed to reasoning itself. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Juncheng Wu , Hardy Chen , Haoqin Tu , Xianfeng Tang , Freda Shi , Hui Liu , Hanqing Lu , Cihang Xie , Yuyin Zhou