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Visual tokenizers play a crucial role in diffusion models. The dimensionality of latent space governs both reconstruction fidelity and the semantic expressiveness of the latent feature. However, a fundamental trade-off is inherent between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Qingyu Shi , Size Wu , Jinbin Bai , Kaidong Yu , Yujing Wang , Yunhai Tong , Xiangtai Li , Xuelong Li

Building a unified visual tokenizer is essential for bridging the gap between visual understanding and generation. Yet existing approaches struggle with the inherent conflict between these tasks, as a single token space is forced to support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yiwei Guo , Shaobin Zhuang , Zhipeng Huang , Canmiao Fu , Chen Li , Jing Lyu , Yali Wang

In light of recent advances in multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs), there is increasing attention to scaling them from image-text data to more informative real-world videos. Compared to static images, video poses unique challenges for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yang Jin , Zhicheng Sun , Kun Xu , Kun Xu , Liwei Chen , Hao Jiang , Quzhe Huang , Chengru Song , Yuliang Liu , Di Zhang , Yang Song , Kun Gai , Yadong Mu

Effective and generalizable control in video generation remains a significant challenge. While many methods rely on ambiguous or task-specific signals, we argue that a fundamental disentanglement of "appearance" and "motion" provides a more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Mingzhi Sheng , Zekai Gu , Peng Li , Cheng Lin , Hao-Xiang Guo , Ying-Cong Chen , Yuan Liu

Visual generative and understanding models typically rely on distinct tokenizers to process images, presenting a key challenge for unifying them within a single framework. Recent studies attempt to address this by connecting the training of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chuofan Ma , Yi Jiang , Junfeng Wu , Jihan Yang , Xin Yu , Zehuan Yuan , Bingyue Peng , Xiaojuan Qi

Visual tokenizers are fundamental to image generation. They convert visual data into discrete tokens, enabling transformer-based models to excel at image generation. Despite their success, VQ-based tokenizers like VQGAN face significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Zechen Bai , Jianxiong Gao , Ziteng Gao , Pichao Wang , Zheng Zhang , Tong He , Mike Zheng Shou

We present pure-transformer based models for video classification, drawing upon the recent success of such models in image classification. Our model extracts spatio-temporal tokens from the input video, which are then encoded by a series of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Anurag Arnab , Mostafa Dehghani , Georg Heigold , Chen Sun , Mario Lučić , Cordelia Schmid

Visual tokenization remains a core challenge in unifying visual understanding and generation within the autoregressive paradigm. Existing methods typically employ tokenizers in discrete latent spaces to align with the tokens from large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Ziyuan Huang , DanDan Zheng , Cheng Zou , Rui Liu , Xiaolong Wang , Kaixiang Ji , Weilong Chai , Jianxin Sun , Libin Wang , Yongjie Lv , Taozhi Huang , Jiajia Liu , Qingpei Guo , Ming Yang , Jingdong Chen , Jun Zhou

Advancements in language foundation models have primarily fueled the recent surge in artificial intelligence. In contrast, generative learning of non-textual modalities, especially videos, significantly trails behind language modeling. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Lijun Yu

Adapting language models to new data distributions by simple finetuning is challenging. This is due to the rigidity of their subword tokenizers, which typically remain unchanged during adaptation. This inflexibility often leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Abraham Toluwase Owodunni , Orevaoghene Ahia , Sachin Kumar

Transformers process images and videos by flattening space and time into long token sequences. While attention and KV caching preserve past features, their memory grows with sequence length and they lack an explicit, persistent spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kabir Swain , Sijie Han , Daniel Karl I. Weidele , Mauro Martino , Antonio Torralba

Video compression is indispensable to most video analysis systems. Despite saving transportation bandwidth, it also deteriorates downstream video understanding tasks, especially at low-bitrate settings. To systematically investigate this…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-24 Yuan Tian , Guo Lu , Yichao Yan , Guangtao Zhai , Li Chen , Zhiyong Gao

Recent advancements in generative video codec (GVC) typically encode video into a 2D latent grid and employ high-capacity generative decoders for reconstruction. However, this paradigm still leaves two key challenges in fully exploiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zihan Zheng , Zhaoyang Jia , Naifu Xue , Jiahao Li , Bin Li , Zongyu Guo , Xiaoyi Zhang , Zhenghao Chen , Houqiang Li , Yan Lu

Video-to-Video synthesis (Vid2Vid) has achieved remarkable results in generating a photo-realistic video from a sequence of semantic maps. However, this pipeline suffers from high computational cost and long inference latency, which largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Long Zhuo , Guangcong Wang , Shikai Li , Wayne Wu , Ziwei Liu

Text-to-video diffusion models enable the generation of high-quality videos that follow text instructions, making it easy to create diverse and individual content. However, existing approaches mostly focus on high-quality short video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Roberto Henschel , Levon Khachatryan , Hayk Poghosyan , Daniil Hayrapetyan , Vahram Tadevosyan , Zhangyang Wang , Shant Navasardyan , Humphrey Shi

We propose a concise representation of videos that encode perceptually meaningful features into graphs. With this representation, we aim to leverage the large amount of redundancies in videos and save computations. First, we construct…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Eitan Kosman , Dotan Di Castro

Video Coding for Machines (VCM) is committed to bridging to an extent separate research tracks of video/image compression and feature compression, and attempts to optimize compactness and efficiency jointly from a unified perspective of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Wenhan Yang , Haofeng Huang , Yueyu Hu , Ling-Yu Duan , Jiaying Liu

Transformers dominate video recognition. They split videos into tokens, and processing them has expensive superlinear computational cost. Yet videos are filled with redundancy, so we can question the need for this expense. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ali Salamatian , Anthony Fuller , Pritam Sarkar , James R. Green , Leonid Sigal , Evan Shelhamer

The proliferation of deep learning-based machine vision applications has given rise to a new type of compression, so called video coding for machine (VCM). VCM differs from traditional video coding in that it is optimized for machine vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Yeongwoong Kim , Hyewon Jeong , Janghyun Yu , Younhee Kim , Jooyoung Lee , Se Yoon Jeong , Hui Yong Kim

Video large language models (VLLMs) have significantly advanced recently in processing complex video content, yet their inference efficiency remains constrained because of the high computational cost stemming from the thousands of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Keda Tao , Can Qin , Haoxuan You , Yang Sui , Huan Wang