English
Related papers

Related papers: A Causal Framework for Evaluating Jointly Longitud…

200 papers

When the primary outcome is difficult to collect, surrogate endpoint is typically used as a substitute. It is possible that for every individual, treatment has a positive effect on surrogate, and surrogate has a positive effect on primary…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-27 Linquan Ma , Yunjian Yin , Lan Liu , Zhi Geng

Identification of causal effects is one of the most fundamental tasks of causal inference. We consider an identifiability problem where some experimental and observational data are available but neither data alone is sufficient for the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Santtu Tikka , Juha Karvanen

The central task in modeling complex dynamical systems is parameter estimation. This task involves numerous evaluations of a computationally expensive objective function. Surrogate-based optimization introduces a computationally efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Žiga Lukšič , Jovan Tanevski , Sašo Džeroski , Ljupčo Todorovski

In meta-analytic modeling, the functional relationship between a primary and surrogate endpoint is estimated using summary data from a set of completed clinical trials. Parameters in the meta-analytic model are used to assess the quality of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-07 James P. Long , Abhishikta Roy , Ehsan Irajizad , Kim-Anh Do , Yu Shen

In recent years, computational power and data availability breakthroughs have revolutionized our ability to analyze complex physical systems through the inverse problem approach. Data-driven techniques like system identification and machine…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Sriram Narayanan , Mohamed Naveed Gul Mohamed , Ishan Paranjape , Indranil Nayak , Suman Chakravorty , Mrinal Kumar

Marginal structural models (MSMs) are widely used in observational studies to estimate the causal effect of time-varying treatments. Despite its popularity, limited attention has been paid to summarizing the treatment history in the outcome…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-18 Jiewen Liu , Todd A. Miano , Stephen Griffiths , Michael G. S. Shashaty , Wei Yang

The synthetic control method (SCM) has become a popular tool for estimating causal effects in policy evaluation, where a single treated unit is observed, and a heterogeneous set of untreated units with pre- and post-policy change data are…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-21 Jizhou Liu , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen , Carlos Varjão

Joint models for a wide class of response variables and longitudinal measurements consist on a mixed-effects model to fit longitudinal trajectories whose random effects enter as covariates in a generalized linear model for the primary…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-03 Rolando De la Cruz , Cristian Meza , Ana Arribas-Gil , Raymond J. Carroll

An intermediate response measure that accurately predicts efficacy in a new setting can reduce trial cost and time to product licensure. In this paper, we define a trial level general surrogate as a trial level intermediate response that…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-07-08 Erin E. Gabriel , Michael J. Daniels , M. Elizabeth Halloran

In modern clinical trials, there is immense pressure to use surrogate markers in place of an expensive or long-term primary outcome to make more timely decisions about treatment effectiveness. However, using a surrogate marker to test for a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-22 Rebecca Knowlton , Layla Parast

Consider a subject or unit in a longitudinal biomedical, public health, engineering, economic, or social science study which is being monitored over a possibly random duration. Over time this unit experiences competing recurrent events and…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-30 Lili Tong , Piaomu Liu , Edsel Pena

We study the problem of model selection in causal inference, specifically for conditional average treatment effect (CATE) estimation. Unlike machine learning, there is no perfect analogue of cross-validation for model selection as we do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Divyat Mahajan , Ioannis Mitliagkas , Brady Neal , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Adaptive designs are increasingly used in clinical trials and online experiments to improve participant outcomes by dynamically updating treatment allocation as data accumulate. In practice, experimenters often consider multiple candidate…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-08 Wenxin Zhang , Aaron Hudson , Maya Petersen , Mark van der Laan

Surrogate Data Analysis (SDA) is a statistical hypothesis testing framework for the determination of weak chaos in time series dynamics. Existing SDA procedures do not account properly for the rich structures observed in stock return…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 Alexandros Leontitsis , Constantinos E. Vorlow

Learning the Individual Treatment Effect (ITE) is essential for personalized decision-making, yet causal inference has traditionally focused on aggregated treatment effects. While integrating conformal prediction with causal inference can…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-23 Chenyin Gao , Peter B. Gilbert , Larry Han

Surrogate testing techniques have been used widely to investigate the presence of dynamical nonlinearities, an essential ingredient of deterministic chaotic processes. Traditional surrogate testing subscribes to statistical hypothesis…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-18 Radhakrishnan Nagarajan

This study introduces an integrated framework for predictive causal inference designed to overcome limitations inherent in conventional single model approaches. Specifically, we combine a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) for spatial health state…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-31 Byunghee Lee , Hye Yeon Sin , Joonsung Kang

Non-terminal events can represent a meaningful change in a patient's life. Thus, better understanding and predicting their occurrence can bring valuable information to individuals. In a context where longitudinal markers could inform these…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-16 Juliette Ortholand , Stanley Durrleman , Sophie Tezenas du Montcel

Long-term causal inference has drawn increasing attention in many scientific domains. Existing methods mainly focus on estimating average long-term causal effects by combining long-term observational data and short-term experimental data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Weilin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Junjie Wan , Zeqin Yang , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

When estimating treatment effects, the golden standard is to conduct a randomized experiment and then contrast outcomes associated with the treatment group and the control group. However, in many cases, randomized experiments are either…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-08 Kevin Han