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Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown promise in automating image diagnosis and interpretation in clinical settings. However, developing specialist medical VLMs requires substantial computational resources and carefully curated datasets,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Yuan Zhong , Ruinan Jin , Qi Dou , Xiaoxiao Li

Visualizations play a pivotal role in daily communication in an increasingly data-driven world. Research on multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for automated chart understanding has accelerated massively, with steady improvements on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jonathan Tonglet , Tinne Tuytelaars , Marie-Francine Moens , Iryna Gurevych

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities across multimodal tasks, yet exhibit systematic spatial reasoning failures, achieving only 49% (CLIP) to 54% (BLIP-2) accuracy on basic directional relationships. For safe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Muhammad Imran , Yugyung Lee

Despite significant advancements in vision-language models (VLMs), there lacks effective approaches to enhance response quality by scaling inference-time computation. This capability is known to be a core step towards the self-improving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Xiyao Wang , Zhengyuan Yang , Linjie Li , Hongjin Lu , Yuancheng Xu , Chung-Ching Lin , Kevin Lin , Furong Huang , Lijuan Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong results on multimodal tasks such as visual question answering, yet they can still fail even when the correct visual evidence is present. In this work, we systematically investigate whether these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zhining Liu , Ziyi Chen , Hui Liu , Chen Luo , Xianfeng Tang , Suhang Wang , Joy Zeng , Zhenwei Dai , Zhan Shi , Tianxin Wei , Benoit Dumoulin , Hanghang Tong

Vision Language Models (VLMs) are designed to extend Large Language Models (LLMs) with visual capabilities, yet in this work we observe a surprising phenomenon: VLMs can outperform their underlying LLMs on purely text-only tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Nicolas Buzeta , Felipe del Rio , Cristian Hinostroza , Denis Parra , Hans Lobel , Rodrigo Toro Icarte

A challenge in advancing Visual-Language Models (VLMs) is determining whether their failures on abstract reasoning tasks, such as Bongard problems, stem from flawed perception or faulty top-down reasoning. To disentangle these factors, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Enrico Vompa , Tanel Tammet , Mohit Vaishnav

Evaluating the instruction-following (IF) capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is essential for rigorously assessing how faithfully model outputs adhere to user-specified intentions. Nevertheless, existing benchmarks for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Weilei He , Feng Ju , Zhiyuan Fan , Rui Min , Minhao Cheng , Yi R. Fung

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown great potential in perception and interpretation tasks, but their capabilities in predictive reasoning remain under-explored. To address this gap, we introduce a novel benchmark that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mingwei Zhu , Leigang Sha , Yu Shu , Kangjia Zhao , Tiancheng Zhao , Jianwei Yin

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have become essential for advancing the integration of visual and linguistic information. However, the evaluation of LVLMs presents significant challenges as the evaluation benchmark always demands lots…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Han Bao , Yue Huang , Yanbo Wang , Jiayi Ye , Xiangqi Wang , Xiuying Chen , Yue Zhao , Tianyi Zhou , Mohamed Elhoseiny , Xiangliang Zhang

The field of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has made remarkable progress in visual understanding tasks, presenting a vast opportunity to predict the perceptual and emotional impact of charts. However, it also raises concerns, as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Seon Gyeom Kim , Jae Young Choi , Ryan Rossi , Eunyee Koh , Tak Yeon Lee

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their vision-enabled counterparts (VLMs), numerous works have investigated their capabilities in tasks that fuse the modalities of vision and language. In this work, we benchmark the extent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Tyler Loakman , Joseph James , Chenghua Lin

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) achieve strong multimodal reasoning but frequently exhibit hallucinations and incorrect responses with high certainty, which hinders their usage in high-stakes domains. Existing verbalized confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Wenyi Xiao , Xinchi Xu , Leilei Gan

Visual commonsense understanding requires Vision Language (VL) models to not only understand image and text but also cross-reference in-between to fully integrate and achieve comprehension of the visual scene described. Recently, various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zhecan Wang , Haoxuan You , Yicheng He , Wenhao Li , Kai-Wei Chang , Shih-Fu Chang

Despite their promise to perform complex reasoning, large language models (LLMs) have been shown to have limited effectiveness in end-to-end planning. This has inspired an intriguing question: if these models cannot plan well, can they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mohamed Aghzal , Xiang Yue , Erion Plaku , Ziyu Yao

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have made significant progress in chart understanding. However, financial charts, characterized by complex temporal structures and domain-specific terminology, remain notably underexplored. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Dong Shu , Haoyang Yuan , Yuchen Wang , Yanguang Liu , Huopu Zhang , Haiyan Zhao , Mengnan Du

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

One of the primary challenges faced by deep learning is the degree to which current methods exploit superficial statistics and dataset bias, rather than learning to generalise over the specific representations they have experienced. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Damien Teney , Peng Wang , Jiewei Cao , Lingqiao Liu , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Accurate prediction of stock market trends is crucial for informed investment decisions and effective portfolio management, ultimately leading to enhanced wealth creation and risk mitigation. This study proposes a novel approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Lida Shahbandari , Elahe Moradi , Mohammad Manthouri

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are now increasingly being merged with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable new capabilities, particularly in terms of improved interactivity and open-ended responsiveness. While these are remarkable…