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State-of-the-art Vision-Language Models (VLMs) ground the vision and the language modality primarily via projecting the vision tokens from the encoder to language-like tokens, which are directly fed to the Large Language Model (LLM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Sivan Doveh , Shaked Perek , M. Jehanzeb Mirza , Wei Lin , Amit Alfassy , Assaf Arbelle , Shimon Ullman , Leonid Karlinsky

The success of VLMs often relies on the dynamic high-resolution schema that adaptively augments the input images to multiple crops, so that the details of the images can be retained. However, such approaches result in a large number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Jiayi Han , Liang Du , Yiwen Wu , Xiangguo Zhou , Hongwei Du , Weibo Zheng

Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising zero-shot generalization capabilities across various downstream tasks. Recent research has introduced multimodal capabilities to LLMs by integrating independently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Utsav Garg , Erhan Bas

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLMs) leverages Large Language Models as a cognitive framework for diverse visual-language tasks. Recent efforts have been made to equip MLLMs with visual perceiving and grounding capabilities. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Junwen He , Yifan Wang , Lijun Wang , Huchuan Lu , Jun-Yan He , Jin-Peng Lan , Bin Luo , Xuansong Xie

Medical foundation models (MFMs) aim to learn universal representations from multimodal medical images that can generalize effectively to diverse downstream clinical tasks. However, most existing MFMs suffer from information ambiguity that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yihang Liu , Longzhen Yang , Jiaxiong Yang , Ying Wen , Lianghua He , Heng Tao Shen

Multimodal deep learning, especially vision-language models, have gained significant traction in recent years, greatly improving performance on many downstream tasks, including content moderation and violence detection. However, standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zhuokai Zhao , Harish Palani , Tianyi Liu , Lena Evans , Ruth Toner

Biological research has revealed that the verbal semantic information in the brain cortex, as an additional source, participates in nonverbal semantic tasks, such as visual encoding. However, previous visual encoding models did not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Shuxiao Ma , Linyuan Wang , Bin Yan

Multimodal embedding models, built upon causal Vision Language Models (VLMs), have shown promise in various tasks. However, current approaches face three key limitations: the use of causal attention in VLM backbones is suboptimal for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Haonan Chen , Hong Liu , Yuping Luo , Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Furu Wei , Zhicheng Dou

In recent years, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance in OCR-centric Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks, illustrating their capability to process heterogeneous data and exhibit adaptability across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Chen Duan , Zhentao Guo , Pei Fu , Zining Wang , Kai Zhou , Pengfei Yan

We propose SPHINX-X, an extensive Multimodality Large Language Model (MLLM) series developed upon SPHINX. To improve the architecture and training efficiency, we modify the SPHINX framework by removing redundant visual encoders, bypassing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Dongyang Liu , Renrui Zhang , Longtian Qiu , Siyuan Huang , Weifeng Lin , Shitian Zhao , Shijie Geng , Ziyi Lin , Peng Jin , Kaipeng Zhang , Wenqi Shao , Chao Xu , Conghui He , Junjun He , Hao Shao , Pan Lu , Hongsheng Li , Yu Qiao , Peng Gao

In-context learning (ICL) allows large models to adapt to tasks using a few examples, yet its extension to vision-language models (VLMs) remains fragile. Our analysis reveals that the fundamental limitation lies in an inductive gap, models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haoyu Wang , Haonan Wang , Yuyan Chen , Jun Chen , Gang Liu , Qian Wang , Jiahong Yan , Yanghua Xiao

Benefiting from large-scale pretrained vision language models (VLMs), the performance of visual question answering (VQA) has approached human oracles. However, finetuning such models on limited data often suffers from overfitting and poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Jingjing Jiang , Ziyi Liu , Nanning Zheng

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) utilize multimodal contexts consisting of text, images, or videos to solve various multimodal tasks. However, we find that changing the order of multimodal input can cause the model's performance to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Zhijie Tan , Xu Chu , Weiping Li , Tong Mo

Instruction following is crucial in contemporary LLM. However, when extended to multimodal setting, it often suffers from misalignment between specific textual instruction and targeted local region of an image. To achieve more accurate and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Jinliang Zheng , Jianxiong Li , Sijie Cheng , Yinan Zheng , Jiaming Li , Jihao Liu , Yu Liu , Jingjing Liu , Xianyuan Zhan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capability in a wide range of tasks such as visual recognition, document parsing, and visual grounding. Nevertheless, recent work shows that while VLMs often manage to capture the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Chengxin Liu , Wonseok Choi , Chenshuang Zhang , Tae-Hyun Oh

Prompt learning has become a dominant paradigm for adapting vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP to downstream tasks without modifying pretrained weights. While extending prompts to both vision and text encoders across multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Sajjad Ghiasvand , Haniyeh Ehsani Oskouie , Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Ramtin Pedarsani

Despite the remarkable capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), they still suffer from visual fading in long-context scenarios. Specifically, the attention to visual tokens diminishes as the text sequence lengthens, leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Lin Chen , Bolin Ni , Qi Yang , Zili Wang , Kun Ding , Ying Wang , Houwen Peng , Shiming Xiang

The fine-tuning of large vision-language foundation models remains an underexplored area, particularly regarding its impact on learning gains and catastrophic forgetting. Inspired by the significance of modality gaps in contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Laura Niss , Kevin Vogt-Lowell , Theodoros Tsiligkaridis

Multi-modal word semantics aims to enhance embeddings with perceptual input, assuming that human meaning representation is grounded in sensory experience. Most research focuses on evaluation involving direct visual input, however, visual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Anita L. Verő , Ann Copestake

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated that large-scale pretraining enables systems to adapt rapidly to new problems with little supervision in the language domain. This success, however, has not translated as effectively to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Pablo Acuaviva , Aram Davtyan , Mariam Hassan , Sebastian Stapf , Ahmad Rahimi , Alexandre Alahi , Paolo Favaro