English
Related papers

Related papers: HazardArena: Evaluating Semantic Safety in Vision-…

200 papers

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generalizing across diverse robotic manipulation tasks. However, deploying these models in unstructured environments remains challenging due to the critical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Songqiao Hu , Zeyi Liu , Shuang Liu , Jun Cen , Zihan Meng , Xiao He

Visual-Language-Action (VLA) models report impressive success rates on robotic manipulation benchmarks, yet these results may mask fundamental weaknesses in robustness. We perform a systematic vulnerability analysis by introducing…

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have shown generalization capabilities in robotic manipulation tasks by inheriting from vision-language models (VLMs) and learning action generation. Most VLA models focus on interpreting vision and…

Rapid deployment of vision-language models (VLMs) magnifies safety risks, yet most evaluations rely on artificial images. This study asks: How safe are current VLMs when confronted with meme images that ordinary users share? To investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 DongGeon Lee , Joonwon Jang , Jihae Jeong , Hwanjo Yu

Tool-augmented large language models (LLMs) must tightly couple multi-step reasoning with external actions, yet existing benchmarks often confound this interplay with complex environment dynamics, memorized knowledge or dataset…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Wanjia Zhao , Ludwig Schmidt , James Zou , Vidhisha Balachandran , Lingjiao Chen

Vision-language-action (VLA) models hold promise as generalist robotics solutions by translating visual and linguistic inputs into robot actions, yet they lack reliability due to their black-box nature and sensitivity to environmental…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Hong Lu , Hengxu Li , Prithviraj Singh Shahani , Stephanie Herbers , Matthias Scheutz

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are widely deployed in safety-critical embodied AI applications such as robotics. However, their complex multimodal interactions also expose new security vulnerabilities. In this paper, we investigate a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ji Guo , Wenbo Jiang , Yansong Lin , Yijing Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Guomin Lu , Aiguo Chen , Xinshuo Han , Hongwei Li , Dusit Niyato

Safety evaluation of multimodal foundation models often treats vision and language inputs separately, missing risks from joint interpretation where benign content becomes harmful in combination. Existing approaches also fail to distinguish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Shruti Palaskar , Leon Gatys , Mona Abdelrahman , Mar Jacobo , Larry Lindsey , Rutika Moharir , Gunnar Lund , Yang Xu , Navid Shiee , Jeffrey Bigham , Charles Maalouf , Joseph Yitan Cheng

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for building embodied agents that ground perception and language into action. However, most existing approaches rely on direct action prediction, lacking the ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Runze Li , Hongyin Zhang , Junxi Jin , Qixin Zeng , Zifeng Zhuang , Yiqi Tang , Shangke Lyu , Donglin Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for generalist robotic control. Built upon vision-language model (VLM) architectures, VLAs predict actions conditioned on visual observations and language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weikang Qiu , Huashuo Lei , Tinglin Huang , Rex Ying

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong potential for predicting semantic actions in navigation tasks, demonstrating the ability to reason over complex linguistic instructions and visual contexts. However, they are…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in multimodal reasoning tasks through enhanced chain-of-thought capabilities. However, this advancement also introduces novel safety risks, as these models become increasingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yinan Xia , Yilei Jiang , Yingshui Tan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Xiangyu Yue , Bo Zheng

One promise that Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models hold over traditional imitation learning for robotics is to leverage the broad generalization capabilities of large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to produce versatile, "generalist" robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Irving Fang , Juexiao Zhang , Shengbang Tong , Chen Feng

As vision-language models (VLMs) become increasingly capable, maintaining a balance between safety and usefulness remains a central challenge. Safety mechanisms, while essential, can backfire, causing over-refusal, where models decline…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Kaixuan Ren , Preslav Nakov , Usman Naseem

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly applied to identify unsafe or inappropriate images due to their internal ethical standards and powerful reasoning abilities. However, it is still unclear whether they can recognize various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Yiting Qu , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models provide a promising paradigm for robot learning by integrating visual perception with language-guided policy learning. However, most existing approaches rely on 2D visual inputs to perform actions in 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yicheng Feng , Wanpeng Zhang , Ye Wang , Hao Luo , Haoqi Yuan , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) represent a significant frontier in embodied intelligence, aiming to bridge digital knowledge with physical-world interaction. Despite their remarkable performance, foundational VLAs are hindered by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhaoshu Yu , Bo Wang , Pengpeng Zeng , Haonan Zhang , Ji Zhang , Zheng Wang , Lianli Gao , Jingkuan Song , Nicu Sebe , Heng Tao Shen

Autonomous driving policy learning with reinforcement learning (RL) is fundamentally limited by low sample efficiency, weak generalization, and a dependence on unsafe online trial-and-error interactions. Although safe RL introduces explicit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yansong Qu , Zilin Huang , Zihao Sheng , Jiancong Chen , Yue Leng , Samuel Labi , Sikai Chen

The remarkable advancements of vision and language foundation models in multimodal understanding, reasoning, and generation has sparked growing efforts to extend such intelligence to the physical world, fueling the flourishing of…

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in vision-language reasoning tasks, yet ensuring their safety remains a critical challenge. Recent input-side defenses detect unsafe images with CLIP and prepend safety…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Xingyu Zhu , Beier Zhu , Junfeng Fang , Shuo Wang , Yin Zhang , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He