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Modern segmentation models achieve strong predictive performance but remain largely opaque, limiting our ability to diagnose failures, understand dataset shift, or intervene in a principled manner. We introduce Med-SegLens, a model-diffing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Salma J. Ahmed , Emad A. Mohammed , Azam Asilian Bidgoli

Accurate and efficient 3D medical image segmentation is essential for clinical AI, where models must remain reliable under stringent memory, latency, and data availability constraints. Transformer-based methods achieve strong accuracy but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Kavyansh Tyagi , Vishwas Rathi , Puneet Goyal

This paper addresses the task of semantic segmentation of orthoimagery using multimodal data e.g. optical RGB, infrared and digital surface model. We propose a deep convolutional neural network architecture termed OrthoSeg for semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Pankaj Bodani , Kumar Shreshtha , Shashikant Sharma

Although supervised deep-learning has achieved promising performance in medical image segmentation, many methods cannot generalize well on unseen data, limiting their real-world applicability. To address this problem, we propose a deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-10 Shangqi Gao , Hangqi Zhou , Yibo Gao , Xiahai Zhuang

Image Segmentation plays an essential role in computer vision and image processing with various applications from medical diagnosis to autonomous car driving. A lot of segmentation algorithms have been proposed for addressing specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Yi Liu , Lutao Chu , Guowei Chen , Zewu Wu , Zeyu Chen , Baohua Lai , Yuying Hao

Deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis is gradually deployed to review and analyze medical images. However, this paradigm is restricted in real-world clinical applications due to the poor robustness and generalization. The issue is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yurong Chen

Accurate and reliable image segmentation is an essential part of biomedical image analysis. In this paper, we consider the problem of biomedical image segmentation using deep convolutional neural networks. We propose a new end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Amirhossein Dadashzadeh , Alireza Tavakoli Targhi

Despite the superior performance of Deep Learning (DL) on numerous segmentation tasks, the DL-based approaches are notoriously overconfident about their prediction with highly polarized label probability. This is often not desirable for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-14 Sungmin Hong , Anna K. Bonkhoff , Andrew Hoopes , Martin Bretzner , Markus D. Schirmer , Anne-Katrin Giese , Adrian V. Dalca , Polina Golland , Natalia S. Rost

Semantic segmentation is a fundamental task in computer vision that involves dense pixel-wise classification for scene understanding. Despite significant progress, achieving high accuracy while maintaining real-time performance remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Abhinav Sagar

In recent years, deep learning has rapidly become a method of choice for the segmentation of medical images. Deep Neural Network (DNN) architectures such as UNet have achieved state-of-the-art results on many medical datasets. To further…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Truong Dang , Tien Thanh Nguyen , John McCall , Eyad Elyan , Carlos Francisco Moreno-García

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have demonstrated significant potential in 3D medical image segmentation tasks. However, their high computational cost and inability to fully capture global 3D contextual information limit their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-17 Kangbo Ma

We propose a novel AutoRegressive Generation-based paradigm for image Segmentation (ARGenSeg), achieving multimodal understanding and pixel-level perception within a unified framework. Prior works integrating image segmentation into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Xiaolong Wang , Lixiang Ru , Ziyuan Huang , Kaixiang Ji , Dandan Zheng , Jingdong Chen , Jun Zhou

In this paper, we propose a novel mutual consistency network (MC-Net+) to effectively exploit the unlabeled data for semi-supervised medical image segmentation. The MC-Net+ model is motivated by the observation that deep models trained with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Yicheng Wu , Zongyuan Ge , Donghao Zhang , Minfeng Xu , Lei Zhang , Yong Xia , Jianfei Cai

Medical image segmentation is vital for modern healthcare and is a key element of computer-aided diagnosis. While recent advancements in computer vision have explored unsupervised segmentation using pre-trained models, these methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Mosong Ma , Tania Stathaki , Michalis Lazarou

Pixel-wise segmentation of laparoscopic scenes is essential for computer-assisted surgery but difficult to scale due to the high cost of dense annotations. We propose depth-guided surgical scene segmentation (DepSeg), a training-free…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Kunyi Yang , Qingyu Wang , Cheng Yuan , Yutong Ban

Learning to defer uncertain predictions to costly experts offers a powerful strategy for improving the accuracy and efficiency of machine learning systems. However, standard training procedures for deferral algorithms typically require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Giulia DeSalvo , Clara Mohri , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

The performance of supervised deep learning methods for medical image segmentation is often limited by the scarcity of labeled data. As a promising research direction, semi-supervised learning addresses this dilemma by leveraging unlabeled…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-13 Zihang Liu , Chunhui Zhao

In this paper, we propose a novel medical image segmentation using iterative deep learning framework. We have combined an iterative learning approach and an encoder-decoder network to improve segmentation results, which enables to precisely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-14 Jung Uk Kim , Hak Gu Kim , Yong Man Ro

Multimodal 3D MRI brain tumor segmentation is a pivotal step in radiotherapy target delineation, surgical planning and post-treatment assessment. Existing methods often assume artifact-free MRI images. However, inevitable patient motion…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-18 Yuchun Wang , Xiaosong Li , Gefei Liang , Yang Liu

Medical image segmentation, particularly in multi-domain scenarios, requires precise preservation of anatomical structures across diverse representations. While deep learning has advanced this field, existing models often struggle with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Afshin Bozorgpour , Sina Ghorbani Kolahi , Reza Azad , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Dorit Merhof