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Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, but their increasing deployment across critical domains has raised concerns about their abnormal behaviors when faced with malicious attacks. Such vulnerability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Shide Zhou , Tianlin Li , Kailong Wang , Yihao Huang , Ling Shi , Yang Liu , Haoyu Wang

Fuzzing has emerged as a powerful technique for finding security bugs in complicated real-world applications. American fuzzy lop (AFL), a leading fuzzing tool, has demonstrated its powerful bug finding ability through a vast number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Tai D. Nguyen , Long H. Pham , Jun Sun

The recent surge in jailbreaking attacks has revealed significant vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) when exposed to malicious inputs. While various defense strategies have been proposed to mitigate these threats, there has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Tianlong Li , Zhenghua Wang , Wenhao Liu , Muling Wu , Shihan Dou , Changze Lv , Xiaohua Wang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

We have uncovered a powerful jailbreak technique that leverages large language models' ability to diverge from prior context, enabling them to bypass safety constraints and generate harmful outputs. By simply instructing the LLM to deviate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Weiliang Zhao , Daniel Ben-Levi , Wei Hao , Junfeng Yang , Chengzhi Mao

Jailbreaking large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a critical security challenge with the widespread deployment of conversational AI systems. Adversarial users exploit these models through carefully crafted prompts to elicit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Sri Durga Sai Sowmya Kadali , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

This research article critically examines the potential risks and implications arising from the malicious utilization of large language models(LLM), focusing specifically on ChatGPT and Google's Bard. Although these large language models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-25 P. V. Sai Charan , Hrushikesh Chunduri , P. Mohan Anand , Sandeep K Shukla

Multi-robot swarms play an essential role in complex missions including battlefield reconnaissance, agricultural pest monitoring, as well as disaster search and rescue. Unfortunately, given the complexity of swarm algorithms, logical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ruoyu Zhou , Zhiwei Zhang , Haocheng Han , Xiaodong Zhang , Zehan Chen , Jun Sun , Yulong Shen , Dehai Xu

Jailbreak attacks cause large language models (LLMs) to generate harmful, unethical, or otherwise objectionable content. Evaluating these attacks presents a number of challenges, which the current collection of benchmarks and evaluation…

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread use, raising concerns about their security. Traditional jailbreak attacks, which often rely on the model internal information or have limitations when exploring the unsafe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zhihao Lin , Wei Ma , Mingyi Zhou , Yanjie Zhao , Haoyu Wang , Yang Liu , Jun Wang , Li Li

As large language models (LLMs) grow more powerful, ensuring their safety against misuse becomes crucial. While researchers have focused on developing robust defenses, no method has yet achieved complete invulnerability to attacks. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Alwin Peng , Julian Michael , Henry Sleight , Ethan Perez , Mrinank Sharma

Large Language Model (LLM) alignment aims to ensure that LLM outputs match with human values. Researchers have demonstrated the severity of alignment problems with a large spectrum of jailbreak techniques that can induce LLMs to produce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Xiaolong Jin , Zhuo Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang

LLM-based (Large Language Model) fuzz driver generation is a promising research area. Unlike traditional program analysis-based method, this text-based approach is more general and capable of harnessing a variety of API usage information,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Cen Zhang , Yaowen Zheng , Mingqiang Bai , Yeting Li , Wei Ma , Xiaofei Xie , Yuekang Li , Limin Sun , Yang Liu

Many recent studies showed that LLMs are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, where an attacker can perturb the input of an LLM to induce it to generate an output for a harmful question. In general, existing jailbreak techniques either optimize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Yanting Wang , Runpeng Geng , Jinghui Chen , Minhao Cheng , Jinyuan Jia

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in the field of natural language processing. Unfortunately, LLMs face significant security and ethical risks. Although techniques such as safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qingsong Zou , Jingyu Xiao , Qing Li , Zhi Yan , Yuhang Wang , Li Xu , Wenxuan Wang , Kuofeng Gao , Ruoyu Li , Yong Jiang

Jailbreak attacks expose a persistent gap between the intended safety behavior of aligned large language models and their behavior under adversarial prompting. Existing automated methods are increasingly effective but each commits to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Abdullah Al Nomaan Nafi , Fnu Suya , Swarup Bhunia , Prabuddha Chakraborty

Adversarial misuse, particularly through `jailbreaking' that circumvents a model's safety and ethical protocols, poses a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper delves into the mechanisms behind such successful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Huijie Lv , Xiao Wang , Yuansen Zhang , Caishuang Huang , Shihan Dou , Junjie Ye , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models and AI chatbots have been at the forefront of democratizing artificial intelligence. However, the releases of ChatGPT and other similar tools have been followed by growing concerns regarding the difficulty of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Sippo Rossi , Alisia Marianne Michel , Raghava Rao Mukkamala , Jason Bennett Thatcher

Despite the general capabilities of Large Language Models (LLM), these models still request fine-tuning or adaptation with customized data when meeting specific business demands. However, this process inevitably introduces new threats,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Jiongxiao Wang , Jiazhao Li , Yiquan Li , Xiangyu Qi , Junjie Hu , Yixuan Li , Patrick McDaniel , Muhao Chen , Bo Li , Chaowei Xiao

The safety defense methods of Large language models(LLMs) stays limited because the dangerous prompts are manually curated to just few known attack types, which fails to keep pace with emerging varieties. Recent studies found that attaching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Hao Wang , Hao Li , Minlie Huang , Lei Sha

Recent researches have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) are susceptible to a security threat known as Backdoor Attack. The backdoored model will behave well in normal cases but exhibit malicious behaviours on inputs inserted with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yunzhuo Hao , Wenkai Yang , Yankai Lin
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