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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly considered as a foundation for embodied agents, yet it remains unclear whether they can reliably reason about the long-term physical consequences of actions from an egocentric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Chengjun Yu , Xuhan Zhu , Chaoqun Du , Pengfei Yu , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language tasks requiring complex reasoning, yet their application in agentic, multi-step reasoning within interactive environments remains a difficult challenge.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Pranav Putta , Edmund Mills , Naman Garg , Sumeet Motwani , Chelsea Finn , Divyansh Garg , Rafael Rafailov

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance, ranging from simple to complex tasks. However, while large models achieve remarkable results across diverse tasks, they often incur substantial monetary inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Byeongchan Lee , Jonghoon Lee , Dongyoung Kim , Jaehyung Kim , Kyungjoon Park , Dongjun Lee , Jinwoo Shin

Training large language models (LLMs) to reason via reinforcement learning (RL) significantly improves their problem-solving capabilities. In agentic settings, existing methods like ReAct prompt LLMs to explicitly plan before every action;…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable breakthroughs in reasoning, yet continue to struggle with hallucinations, logical errors, and inability to self-correct during complex multi-step tasks. Current approaches like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Lingrui Mei , Shenghua Liu , Yiwei Wang , Baolong Bi , Yuyao Ge , Jun Wan , Yurong Wu , Xueqi Cheng

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new frontiers in automated algorithm design, giving rise to numerous powerful methods. However, these approaches retain critical limitations: they require extensive evaluation of the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Haoran Yin , Shuaiqun Pan , Zhao Wei , Jian Cheng Wong , Yew-Soon Ong , Anna V. Kononova , Thomas Bäck , Niki van Stein

Remarkable progress has been made on automated problem solving through societies of agents based on large language models (LLMs). Existing LLM-based multi-agent systems can already solve simple dialogue tasks. Solutions to more complex…

Real-world sequential decision making is characterized by sparse rewards and large decision spaces, posing significant difficulty for experiential learning systems like $\textit{tabula rasa}$ reinforcement learning (RL) agents. Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Hitesh Golchha , Sahil Yerawar , Dhruvesh Patel , Soham Dan , Keerthiram Murugesan

Large Language Models (LLMs) as interactive agents show significant promise in Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) but often struggle with the semantic gap between natural language queries and structured knowledge graph (KG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jingao Xu , Shuoyoucheng Ma , Xin Song , Rong Jiang , Hongkui Tu , Bin Zhou

As the strength of Large Language Models (LLMs) has grown over recent years, so too has interest in their use as the underlying models for autonomous agents. Although LLMs demonstrate emergent abilities and broad expertise across natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Chris Sypherd , Vaishak Belle

We aim to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) for embodied decision making. While a significant body of work has been leveraging LLMs for decision making in embodied environments, we still lack a systematic understanding of their…

Improving Large Language Model (LLM) agents for sequential decision-making tasks typically requires extensive task-specific knowledge engineering--custom prompts, curated examples, and specialized observation/action spaces. We investigate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Vishnu Sarukkai , Zhiqiang Xie , Kayvon Fatahalian

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in code generation tasks, yet they face significant limitations in handling complex, long-context programming challenges and demonstrating complex compositional reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Amr Almorsi , Mohanned Ahmed , Walid Gomaa

Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained significant attention in healthcare consultation due to its potential to improve clinical workflow and enhance medical communication. However, owing to the complex nature of medical information, large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xiaolan Chen , Ziwei Zhao , Weiyi Zhang , Pusheng Xu , Le Gao , Mingpu Xu , Yue Wu , Yinwen Li , Danli Shi , Mingguang He

Edge computing enables real-time data processing closer to its source, thus improving the latency and performance of edge-enabled AI applications. However, traditional AI models often fall short when dealing with complex, dynamic tasks that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Haoxiang Luo , Yinqiu Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Jiacheng Wang , Gang Sun , Dusit Niyato , Hongfang Yu , Zehui Xiong , Xianbin Wang , Xuemin Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to build autonomous agents that perform complex tasks with external tools, often exposed through APIs in enterprise systems. Direct use of these APIs is difficult due to the complex input…

Recent advancements in tool learning have enabled large language models (LLMs) to integrate external tools, enhancing their task performance by expanding their knowledge boundaries. However, relying on tools often introduces tradeoffs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hongshen Xu , Zihan Wang , Zichen Zhu , Lei Pan , Xingyu Chen , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel on many task-specific benchmarks, yet the mechanisms that drive this success remain poorly understood. We move from asking what these systems can do to asking how they process information. Our contribution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jae Wan Shim

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated high reasoning capabilities, drawing attention for their applications as agents in various decision-making processes. One notably promising application of LLM agents is robotic…

Agentic Test-Time Scaling (TTS) has delivered state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance on complex software engineering tasks such as code generation and bug fixing. However, its practical adoption remains limited due to significant computational…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Chenhui Mao , Yuanting Lei , Zhixiang Wei , Ming Liang , Zhixiang Wang , Jingxuan Xu , Dajun Chen , Wei Jiang , Yong Li