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The Lick AGN Monitoring Project targeted 13 nearby Seyfert 1 galaxies with the intent of measuring the masses of their central black holes using reverberation mapping. The sample includes 12 galaxies selected to have black holes with masses…

We investigate the long-term variability of the known Changing Look Active Galactic Nuclei (CL AGN) Mrk 1018, whose second change we discovered as part of the Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS). Collating over a hundred years worth of…

We model the broadband (optical/UV and X-ray) continuum spectrum of the "changing-look" active galactic nucleus (AGN) Mrk 1018 as it fades from Seyfert 1 to 1.9 in $\sim 8$ years. The brightest spectrum, with Eddington ratio $L/L_{\rm…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-08 Hirofumi Noda , Chris Done

The anisotropic nature of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is thought to be responsible for the observational differences between type-1 (pole-on) and type-2 (edge-on) nearby Seyfert-like galaxies. In this picture, the detection of emission…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-04-10 F. Marin

Significant variability in broad emission line strengths of active galactic nuclei (AGN) over months to years has been observed, often accompanied by intrinsic continuum changes. Such spectral variability challenges the traditional AGN…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-22 Tek P. Adhikari , Santanu Mondal , Zhicheng He , Agata Rozanska , Krzysztof Hryniewicz

The scarce optical variability studies in spectrally classified Type 2 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have led to the discovery of anomalous objects that are incompatible with the simplest unified models (UM). This paper focuses on the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-08 E. López-Navas , P. Arévalo , S. Bernal , Matthew J. Graham , L. Hernández-García , P. Lira , P. Sánchez-Sáez

Interband lags in the optical continua of active galactic nuclei (AGN) have been observed over years of monitoring, yet their physical origins remain unclear. While variable interband lags have been found in a few individual AGN…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-08 Zhen-Bo Su , Zhen-Yi Cai , Hengxiao Guo , Mouyuan Sun , Jun-Xian Wang

Changing-look AGNs (CLAGN) are accreting supermassive black hole systems that undergo variations in optical spectral type, driven by major changes in accretion rate. Mrk 1018 has undergone two transitions, a brightening event in the 1980s…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-04 T. Saha , M. Krumpe , A. Markowitz , M. Powell , G. Leung , F. Combes , R. E. McElroy , J. S. Elford , M. Gaspari , N. Winkel , A. L. Coil , T. Urrutia

We study the optical variability of a sample of candidate low-mass (dwarf ang Seyfert) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using Zwicky Transient Facility g-band light curves. Our sample is compiled from broad-line AGNs in dwarf galaxies reported…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-11 Z. Franklin Wang , Colin J. Burke , Xin Liu , Yue Shen

NGC 5273 is a known optical and X-ray variable AGN. We analyze new and archival IR, optical, UV, and X-ray data in order to characterize its long-term variability from 2000 to 2022. At least one optical changing-look event occurred between…

A key feature of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is their variability across all wavelengths. Typically, AGN vary by a few tenths of a magnitude or more over periods lasting from hours to years. By contrast, extreme variability of AGN -- large…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-12 Summer A. J. McLaughlin , James R. Mullaney , Stuart P. Littlefair

To reveal the physical origin of the changing-look (CL) phenomenon in NGC 3786, which transitioned from type 1.8/1.9 to type 1, we present an analysis of long-term spectral monitoring in the optical and near-infrared obtained with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-21 Suyeon Son , Minjin Kim , Luis C. Ho , Dohyeong Kim , Taehyun Kim

Changing-look active galactic nuclei (CLAGNs) show the disappearance and reappearance of broad emission lines in a few years, which challenges the orientation-based AGN unification model. We reduce the X-ray data for five well-studied…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-07 Hao Liu , Qingwen Wu , Bing Lyu

Changing-look active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are a special class of AGNs that change their spectral type from type 1 to type 2 or vice versa. In recent years, a number of changing-look blazars (CLBs) were also reported, which transition…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-04 Shi-Ju Kang , Bing Lyu , Qingwen Wu , Yong-Gang Zheng , Junhui Fan

The time-scales of the variabilities in changing look (CL) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are usually at the order of years to tens of years (some of them are even shorter than one year), which are much shorter than the viscous timescale of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-29 Junjie Feng , Xinwu Cao , Jia-wen Li , Wei-Min Gu

Changing-look active galactic nuclei (CL-AGNs), characterized by emerging or disappearing of broad lines accompanied with extreme continuum flux variability, have drawn much attention for their potential of revealing physical processes…

The validity of the unified active galactic nuclei (AGN) model has been challenged in the last decade, especially when different types of AGNs are considered to only differ in the viewing angle to the torus. We aim to assess the importance…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-01-05 Andrés Felipe Ramos Padilla , Lingyu Wang , Katarzyna Małek , Andreas Efstathiou , Guang Yang

It is suggested that the variation of mass accretion rate in accretion disk may be responsible for the occurrence of most changing-look active galactic nuclei (CL AGNs). However, the viscous timescale of a thin disk is far longer than the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-08 Shuang-Liang Li , Xinwu Cao

We present an analysis of historical multi-wavelength emission of the Changing Look (CL) Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) in NGC 2992, covering epochs ranging from 1978 to 2021, as well as new X-ray and optical spectra. The galaxy presents…

The high quality light curves of Kepler space telescope make it possible to analyze the optical variability of AGNs with an unprecedented time resolution. Studying the asymmetry in variations could give independent constraints on the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-25 Xiao-Yang Chen , Jun-Xian Wang