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Evolving virtual creatures is a field with a rich history and recently it has been getting more attention, especially in the soft robotics domain. The compliance of soft materials endows soft robots with complex behavior, but it also makes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Alican Mertan , Nick Cheney

This work provides a complete framework for the simulation, co-optimization, and sim-to-real transfer of the design and control of soft legged robots. The compliance of soft robots provides a form of "mechanical intelligence" -- the ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Charles Schaff , Audrey Sedal , Matthew R. Walter

The collective operation of robots, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating as a team or swarm, is affected by their individual capabilities, which in turn is dependent on their physical design, aka morphology. However, with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Chen Zeng , Prajit KrisshnaKumar , Jhoel Witter , Souma Chowdhury

Co-designing autonomous robotic agents involves simultaneously optimizing the controller and physical design of the agent. Its inherent bi-level optimization formulation necessitates an outer loop design optimization driven by an inner loop…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Kishan R. Nagiredla , Buddhika L. Semage , Arun Kumar A. , Thommen G. Karimpanal , Santu Rana

Human-robot interactions have been recognized to be a key element of future industrial collaborative robots (co-robots). Unlike traditional robots that work in structured and deterministic environments, co-robots need to operate in highly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Changliu Liu , Masayoshi Tomizuka

When limited by their own morphologies, humans and some species of animals have the remarkable ability to use objects from the environment toward accomplishing otherwise impossible tasks. Robots might similarly unlock a range of additional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Ziang Liu , Stephen Tian , Michelle Guo , C. Karen Liu , Jiajun Wu

Soft robots have proven to outperform traditional robots in applications related to propagation in geometrically constrained environments. Designing these robots and their controllers is an intricate task, since their building materials…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Hugo Alcaraz-Herrera , Michail-Antisthenis Tsompanas , Igor Balaz , Andrew Adamatzky

Replicating and surpassing the autonomy of natural organisms remains a long-standing goal in robotics. Yet most robotic systems have their structure, materials, and control designed separately, in sharp contrast to the co-evolution in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Qinsong Guo , Liwei Wang

Ergonomics is a key factor to consider when designing control architectures for effective physical collaborations between humans and humanoid robots. In contrast, ergonomic indexes are often overlooked in the robot design phase, which leads…

Humans and animals are capable of quickly learning new behaviours to solve new tasks. Yet, we often forget that they also rely on a highly specialized morphology that co-adapted with motor control throughout thousands of years. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Kevin Sebastian Luck , Heni Ben Amor , Roberto Calandra

This work investigates an application-driven co-design problem where the motion and motors of a six degrees of freedom robotic manipulator are optimized simultaneously, and the application is characterized by a set of tasks. Unlike the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Adrian Stein , Yebin Wang , Yusuke Sakamoto , Bingnan Wang , Huazhen Fang

The design (shape) of a robot is usually decided before the control is implemented. This might limit how well the design is adapted to a task, as the suitability of the design is given by how well the robot performs in the task, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Etor Arza , Frank Veenstra , Tønnes F. Nygaard , Kyrre Glette

Soft robotics has emerged as the standard solution for grasping deformable objects, and has proven invaluable for mobile robotic exploration in extreme environments. However, despite this growth, there are no widely adopted computational…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yue Xie , Josh Pinskier , Lois Liow , David Howard , Fumiya Iida

Synthesizing planning and control policies in robotics is a fundamental task, further complicated by factors such as complex logic specifications and high-dimensional robot dynamics. This paper presents a novel reinforcement learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Zikang Xiong , Daniel Lawson , Joe Eappen , Ahmed H. Qureshi , Suresh Jagannathan

The automatic design of robots has existed for 30 years but has been constricted by serial non-differentiable design evaluations, premature convergence to simple bodies or clumsy behaviors, and a lack of sim2real transfer to physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Luke Strgar , David Matthews , Tyler Hummer , Sam Kriegman

Brain-body co-optimization remains a challenging problem, despite increasing interest from the community in recent years. To understand and overcome the challenges, we propose exhaustively mapping a morphology-fitness landscape to study it.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Alican Mertan , Nick Cheney

We introduce a novel co-design method for autonomous moving agents' shape attributes and locomotion by combining deep reinforcement learning and evolution with user control. Our main inspiration comes from evolution, which has led to wide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Zhiquan Wang , Bedrich Benes , Ahmed H. Qureshi , Christos Mousas

Co-design is essential for grounding embodied artificial intelligence (AI) systems in real-world contexts, especially high-stakes domains such as healthcare. While prior work has explored multidisciplinary collaboration, iterative…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yuanchen Bai , Ruixiang Han , Niti Parikh , Wendy Ju , Angelique Taylor

The collective performance or capacity of collaborative autonomous systems such as a swarm of robots is jointly influenced by the morphology and the behavior of individual systems in that collective. In that context, this paper explores how…

The design and control of winged aircraft and drones is an iterative process aimed at identifying a compromise of mission-specific costs and constraints. When agility is required, shape-shifting (morphing) drones represent an efficient…