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Single photons provide excellent quantum information carriers, but current schemes for preparing, processing and measuring them are inefficient. For example, down-conversion provides heralded, but randomly timed single photons, while…
Controlling the flow of light within complex and dynamic environments is essential for a wide range of applications, from deep-tissue imaging and optogenetics to precision phototherapy. Typically, such light flows are controlled using…
We present a polarization-insensitive metasurface processor to perform spatial asymmetric filtering of an incident optical beam, thereby allowing for real-time parallel optical processing. To enable massive parallel processing, we introduce…
Reconfigurable photonic devices capable of routing the flow of light enable flexible integrated-optic circuits that are not hard-wired but can be externally controlled. Analogous to free-space spatial light modulators, we demonstrate…
The general-purpose programmable photonic processors offer a scalable and reconfigurable solution for a wide range of RF and optical applications. Therefore, implementing photonic Ising machines using programmable processors leverages the…
A design framework to implement non-unitary input-output operations to a practical unitary photonic integrated circuit is described. This is achieved by utilising the cosine-sine decomposition to recover the unitarity of the original…
Integrated photonic convolution processors make optical neural networks (ONNs) a transformative solution for artificial intelligence applications such as machine vision. To enhance the parallelism, throughput, and energy efficiency of ONNs,…
A large number of applications in classical and quantum photonics require the capability of implementing arbitrary linear unitary transformations on a set of optical modes. In a seminal work by Reck et al. it was shown how to build such…
Recent progress in photonic information processing has spurred strong demand in scalable and reconfigurable photonic circuitry. Conventional spatially-meshed multi-port interferometers require a number of components growing quadratically…
Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) play a pivotal role in many applications. Particularly powerful are circuits based on meshes of reconfigurable Mach-Zehnder interferometers as they enable active processing of light. Various possibilities…
Growing application space in optical communications, computing, and sensing continues to drive the need for high-performance integrated photonic components. Designing these on-chip systems with complex and application-specific functionality…
Research on optical computing has recently attracted significant attention due to the transformative advances in machine learning. Among different approaches, diffractive optical networks composed of spatially-engineered transmissive…
Flat optics foresees a new era of ultra-compact optical devices, where metasurfaces serve as the foundation. Conventional designs of metasurfaces start with a certain structure as the prototype, followed by an extensive parametric sweep to…
Advanced electro-optic processing combines electrical control with optical modulation and detection. For quantum photonic applications these processes must be carried out at the single photon level with high efficiency and low noise.…
Optical multiplexing is a key technique that enhances the capacity of optical systems by independently modulating various optical parameters to carry distinct information. Among these parameters, wavelength, polarization, and angle are the…
Flexible control light field across multiple parameters is the cornerstone of versatile and miniaturized optical devices. Metasurfaces, comprising subwavelength scatterers, offer a potent platform for executing such precise manipulations.…
Metasurfaces and photonic crystals have revolutionized classical and quantum manipulation of light, and opened the door to studying various optical singularities related to phases and polarization states. However, traditional nanophotonic…
Photonics offers unique advantages as a substrate for quantum information processing, but imposes fundamental scalability challenges. Nondeterministic schemes impose massive resource overheads, while deterministic schemes require…
The efficient manipulation, sorting, and measurement of optical modes and single-photon states is fundamental to classical and quantum science. Here, we realise simultaneous and efficient sorting of non-orthogonal, overlapping states of…
Optical metasurfaces have catalyzed transformative advances across imaging, optoelectronics, quantum information processing, sensing, energy conversion, and optical computing. Yet, despite this rapid progress, most research remains focused…