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Quantum algorithms have been widely studied in the context of combinatorial optimization problems. While this endeavor can often analytically and practically achieve quadratic speedups, theoretical and numeric studies remain limited,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Lucas T. Brady , Stuart Hadfield

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) represents a significant opportunity for practical quantum computing applications, particularly in the era before error correction is fully realized. This algorithm is especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Yiwen Liu , Qingyue Jiao , Yidong Zhou , Zhiding Liang , Yiyu Shi , Ke Wan , Shangjie Guo

Motivated by the recent advancement of quantum processors, we investigate quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) to employ quasi-maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding of classical channel codes. QAOA is a hybrid quantum-classical…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Toshiki Matsumine , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Ye Wang

Quantum computing exploits basic quantum phenomena such as state superposition and entanglement to perform computations. The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is arguably one of the leading quantum algorithms that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Sami Khairy , Ruslan Shaydulin , Lukasz Cincio , Yuri Alexeev , Prasanna Balaprakash

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising quantum heuristic with empirical evidence of speedup over classical state-of-the-art for some problems. QAOA uses a parameterized circuit with $p$ layers, where higher $p$…

In this paper, we introduce stochastic simulated quantum annealing (SSQA) for large-scale combinatorial optimization problems. SSQA is designed based on stochastic computing and quantum Monte Carlo, which can simulate quantum annealing (QA)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-25 Naoya Onizawa , Ryoma Sasaki , Duckgyu Shin , Warren J. Gross , Takahiro Hanyu

The Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a well-known NP-Hard combinatorial optimisation problem, with industrial use cases such as last-mile delivery. Although TSP has been studied extensively on quantum computers, it is rare to find…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Daniel Goldsmith , Xing Liang , Dimitrios Makris , Hongwei Wu

Constraint handling remains a key bottleneck in quantum combinatorial optimization. While slack-variable-based encodings are straightforward, they significantly increase qubit counts and circuit depth, challenging the scalability of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Monit Sharma , Hoong Chuin Lau

This study proposes a hybrid quantum-classical approach to solving the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) by integrating the Column Generation (CG) method with the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOAnsatz). The CG method…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-24 Wei-hao Huang , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Yu Yamashiro

Hybrid-quantum classical optimization has emerged as a promising direction for addressing financial decision problems under current quantum hardware constraints. In this work we present a practical end-to-end portfolio optimization pipeline…

The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm used to approximately solve combinatorial optimisation problems. It involves multiple iterations of a parameterised ansatz comprising a problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 V. Vijendran , Aritra Das , Dax Enshan Koh , Syed M. Assad , Ping Koy Lam

A pivotal task for quantum computing is to speed up solving problems that are both classically intractable and practically valuable. Among these, combinatorial optimization problems have attracted tremendous attention due to their broad…

Constructing realistic digital twins for applications such as training autonomous driving models requires the efficient allocation of real-world data, yet data sovereignty regulations present a major challenge. To address this, we tackle…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Huixiang Zhang , Mahzabeen Emu

Transportation systems such as urban logistics, vehicle routing, and infrastructure planning require solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems under complex constraints. Problems such as the vehicle routing problem (VRP),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Talha Azfar , Ruimin Ke , Sean He , Cara Wang , José Holguín-Veras

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a powerful tool in solving various combinatorial problems such as Maximum Satisfiability and Maximum Cut. Hard computational problems, however, require deep circuits that place high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Malick A. Gaye , Omar Shehab , Paraj Titum , Gregory Quiroz

Combinatorial problems are a common challenge in business, requiring finding optimal solutions under specified constraints. While significant progress has been made with variational approaches such as QAOA, most problems addressed are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Monit Sharma , Yan Jin , Hoong Chuin Lau , Rudy Raymond

This paper investigates the performance of the emerging non-variational Quantum Walk-based Optimisation Algorithm (NV-QWOA) for solving small instances of the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP). NV-QWOA is benchmarked against classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Andrew Freeland , Jingbo Wang

This paper explores the application of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) models in solving the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) through Quantum Annealing algorithms and Graph Neural Networks. Quantum Annealing (QA), a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Haoqi He

We present an approach, which we term quantum-enhanced optimization, to accelerate classical optimization algorithms by leveraging quantum sampling. Our method uses quantum-generated samples as warm starts to classical heuristics for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Ieva Čepaitė , Niam Vaishnav , Leo Zhou , Ashley Montanaro

The prospect of quantum solutions for complicated optimization problems is contingent on mapping the original problem onto a tractable quantum energy landscape, e.g. an Ising-type Hamiltonian. Subsequently, techniques like adiabatic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Sebastian Egginger , Kristina Kirova , Sonja Bruckner , Stefan Hillmich , Richard Kueng