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Machine learning models often suffer from catastrophic forgetting of previously learned knowledge when learning new classes. Various methods have been proposed to mitigate this issue. However, rehearsal-based learning, which retains samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Hossein Rezaei , Mohammad Sabokrou

The prediction accuracy has been the long-lasting and sole standard for comparing the performance of different image classification models, including the ImageNet competition. However, recent studies have highlighted the lack of robustness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Dong Su , Huan Zhang , Hongge Chen , Jinfeng Yi , Pin-Yu Chen , Yupeng Gao

Deep models, e.g., CNNs and Vision Transformers, have achieved impressive achievements in many vision tasks in the closed world. However, novel classes emerge from time to time in our ever-changing world, requiring a learning system to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Da-Wei Zhou , Qi-Wei Wang , Zhi-Hong Qi , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan , Ziwei Liu

Accurate segmentation of carotid artery structures in histopathological images is vital for cardiovascular disease research. This study systematically evaluates ten deep learning segmentation models including classical architectures, modern…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Phongsakon Mark Konrad , Andrei-Alexandru Popa , Yaser Sabzehmeidani , Liang Zhong , Madhulika Tripathy , Andrei Constantinescu , Elisa A. Liehn , Serkan Ayvaz

Current state-of-the-art visual recognition systems usually rely on the following pipeline: (a) pretraining a neural network on a large-scale dataset (e.g., ImageNet) and (b) finetuning the network weights on a smaller, task-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Guangrun Wang , Liang Lin , Rongcong Chen , Guangcong Wang , Jiqi Zhang

Despite the outstanding performance in many individual tasks, deep neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting when learning from continuous data streams in real-world scenarios. Current Non-Exemplar Class-Incremental Learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Liang Bai , Hong Song , Yucong Lin , Tianyu Fu , Deqiang Xiao , Danni Ai , Jingfan Fan , Jian Yang

Deep learning vision systems are widely deployed across applications where reliability is critical. However, even today's best models can fail to recognize an object when its pose, lighting, or background varies. While existing benchmarks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Badr Youbi Idrissi , Diane Bouchacourt , Randall Balestriero , Ivan Evtimov , Caner Hazirbas , Nicolas Ballas , Pascal Vincent , Michal Drozdzal , David Lopez-Paz , Mark Ibrahim

Continual learning methods used to force neural networks to process sequential tasks in isolation, preventing them from leveraging useful inter-task relationships and causing them to repeatedly relearn similar features or overly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Hyung-Jun Moon , Sung-Bae Cho

Data duplication during pretraining can degrade generalization and lead to memorization, motivating aggressive deduplication pipelines. However, at web scale, it is unclear what constitutes a ``duplicate'': beyond surface-form matches,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Joshua Kazdan , Noam Levi , Rylan Schaeffer , Jessica Chudnovsky , Abhay Puri , Bo He , Mehmet Donmez , Sanmi Koyejo , David Donoho

Modern deep-learning systems are specialized to problem settings in which training occurs once and then never again, as opposed to continual-learning settings in which training occurs continually. If deep-learning systems are applied in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Shibhansh Dohare , J. Fernando Hernandez-Garcia , Parash Rahman , A. Rupam Mahmood , Richard S. Sutton

A central challenge in continual learning is forgetting, the loss of performance on previously learned tasks induced by sequential adaptation to new ones. While forgetting has been extensively studied empirically, rigorous theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zonghuan Xu , Xingjun Ma

Continual learning (CL) studies how models acquire tasks sequentially while retaining previously learned knowledge. Despite substantial progress in benchmarking CL methods, comparative evaluations typically keep the fine-tuning regime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Paul-Tiberiu Iordache , Elena Burceanu

Continual Learning (CL) methods usually learn from all available data. However, this is not the case in human cognition which efficiently focuses on key experiences while disregarding the redundant information. Similarly, not all data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Elif Ceren Gok Yildirim , Murat Onur Yildirim , Joaquin Vanschoren

This study investigates the impact of model size on Online Continual Learning performance, with a focus on catastrophic forgetting. Employing ResNet architectures of varying sizes, the research examines how network depth and width affect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Eunhae Lee

Continual learning methods are known to suffer from catastrophic forgetting, a phenomenon that is particularly hard to counter for methods that do not store exemplars of previous tasks. Therefore, to reduce potential drift in the feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Dipam Goswami , Albin Soutif--Cormerais , Yuyang Liu , Sandesh Kamath , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Joost van de Weijer

In this paper, we show that high-performing embedding models organize their embedding spaces in a consistent way. We evaluate 25 contemporary embedding models on five MTEB tasks spanning four diverse task categories (retrieval, bitext…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Amanda Myntti , Jenna Kanerva , Veronika Laippala , Filip Ginter

Real-world datasets are inherently heterogeneous, yet how per-class structural differences and sampling imbalance shape the training dynamics of diffusion models-and potentially exacerbate disparities-remains poorly understood. While models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Flavio Nicoletti , Chenxiao Ma , Enrico Ventura , Luca Saglietti , Stefano Sarao Mannelli

Neural networks tend to gradually forget the previously learned knowledge when learning multiple tasks sequentially from dynamic data distributions. This problem is called \textit{catastrophic forgetting}, which is a fundamental challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Chenze Shao , Yang Feng

Continual learning requires incremental compatibility with a sequence of tasks. However, the design of model architecture remains an open question: In general, learning all tasks with a shared set of parameters suffers from severe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Liyuan Wang , Xingxing Zhang , Qian Li , Jun Zhu , Yi Zhong

The infrequent occurrence of overfit in deep neural networks is perplexing. On the one hand, theory predicts that as models get larger they should eventually become too specialized for a specific training set, with ensuing decrease in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Uri Stern , Daphna Weinshall