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The Mixture of Experts (MoE) selects a few feed-forward networks (FFNs) per token, achieving an effective trade-off between computational cost and performance. In conventional MoE, each expert is treated as entirely independent, and experts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shota Takashiro , Takeshi Kojima , Shohei Taniguchi , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown advantages in graph-based analysis tasks. However, most existing methods have the homogeneity assumption and show poor performance on heterophilic graphs, where the linked nodes have dissimilar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Tianhao Peng , Wenjun Wu , Haitao Yuan , Zhifeng Bao , Zhao Pengrui , Xin Yu , Xuetao Lin , Yu Liang , Yanjun Pu

Despite much research, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) still do not display the favorable scaling properties of other deep neural networks such as Convolutional Neural Networks and Transformers. Previous work has identified issues such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Ameen Ali , Hakan Cevikalp , Lior Wolf

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has emerged as a key technique for scaling Large Language Models by activating only a subset of experts per query. Deploying MoE on consumer-grade edge hardware, however, is constrained by limited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Guoying Zhu , Meng Li , Haipeng Dai , Xuechen Liu , Weijun Wang , Keran Li , Jun xiao , Ligeng Chen , Wei Wang

Deep neural network (DNN) inference at the edge demands simultaneous improvements in accuracy, computational efficiency, and energy consumption. Approximate computing and Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have each been studied as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Omkar B Shende , Marcello Traiola , Gayathri Ananthanarayanan

Learning from non-stationary data streams subject to concept drift requires models that can adapt on-the-fly while remaining resource-efficient. Existing adaptive ensemble methods often rely on coarse-grained adaptation mechanisms or simple…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the dominant choice for scaling Large Language Models (LLMs), activating only a subset of parameters per token. While MoE architectures are primarily adopted for computational efficiency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jeremy Herbst , Stefan Wermter , Jae Hee Lee

Domain generalization (DG) seeks robust Vision Transformer (ViT) performance on unseen domains. Efficiently adapting pretrained ViTs for DG is challenging; standard fine-tuning is costly and can impair generalization. We propose GNN-MoE,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mahmoud Soliman , Omar Abdelaziz , Ahmed Radwan , Anand , Mohamed Shehata

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enhances model performance while maintaining computational efficiency, making it well-suited for large-scale applications. Conventional mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures suffer from suboptimal coordination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yujiao Yang , Jing Lian , Linhui Li

Recent studies have shown that combining parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) with mixture-of-experts (MoE) is an effective strategy for adapting large language models (LLMs) to the downstream tasks. However, most existing approaches rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yuan Zhuang , Yi Shen , Yuexin Bian , Qing Su , Shihao Ji , Yuanyuan Shi , Fei Miao

Mixture of Experts (MoE), an ensemble of specialized models equipped with a router that dynamically distributes each input to appropriate experts, has achieved successful results in the field of machine learning. However, theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ryotaro Kawata , Kohsei Matsutani , Yuri Kinoshita , Naoki Nishikawa , Taiji Suzuki

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has become a fundamental building block in state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs), improving domain-specific expertise in LLMs and scaling model capacity without proportionally increasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ankit Jyothish , Ali Jannesari , Aishwarya Sarkar , Joseph Zuber

The ability to customize a trained Deep Neural Network (DNN) locally using user-specific data may greatly enhance user experiences, reduce development costs, and protect user's privacy. In this work, we propose to incorporate a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Boyu Zhang , Azadeh Davoodi , Yu-Hen Hu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures scale large language models efficiently by employing a parametric ``router'' to dispatch tokens to a sparse subset of experts. Typically, this router is trained once and then frozen, rendering routing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Boxuan Lyu , Soichiro Murakami , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Peinan Zhang

Enabling large-scale generative models to continuously learn new visual concepts is essential for personalizing pre-trained models to meet individual user preferences. Existing approaches for continual visual concept learning are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Xiaohan Guo , Yusong Cai , Zejia Liu , Zhengning Wang , Lili Pan , Hongliang Li

Recent advancements have shown that the Mixture of Experts (MoE) approach significantly enhances the capacity of large language models (LLMs) and improves performance on downstream tasks. Building on these promising results, multi-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Linglin Jing , Yuting Gao , Zhigang Wang , Wang Lan , Yiwen Tang , Wenhai Wang , Kaipeng Zhang , Qingpei Guo

Node classification is one of the hottest tasks in graph analysis. Though existing studies have explored various node representations in directed and undirected graphs, they have overlooked the distinctions of their capabilities to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Seiji Maekawa , Yuya Sasaki , Makoto Onizuka

In multi-GPU Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) network, experts are distributed across different GPUs, which creates load imbalance as each expert processes different number of tokens. Recent works improve MoE inference load balance by dynamically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haiyue Ma , Zhixu Du , Yiran Chen

Due to domain shifts, machine learning systems typically struggle to generalize well to new domains that differ from those of training data, which is what domain generalization (DG) aims to address. Although a variety of DG methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Jingang Qu , Thibault Faney , Ze Wang , Patrick Gallinari , Soleiman Yousef , Jean-Charles de Hemptinne

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) activates only a subset of experts during inference, allowing the model to maintain low inference FLOPs and latency even as the parameter count scales up. However, since MoE dynamically selects the experts, all the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Shibo Jie , Yehui Tang , Kai Han , Yitong Li , Duyu Tang , Zhi-Hong Deng , Yunhe Wang