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When output token counts can be predicted at submission time (Gan et al., 2026), client-side scheduling against a black-box LLM API becomes semi-clairvoyant: decisions condition on coarse token priors even though the provider's internals…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Renzhong Yuan , Yijun Zeng , Xiaosong Gao , Linxi Yu , Haochun Liao , Han Wang

The Quantum Internet will allow clients to delegate quantum workloads to remote servers over heterogeneous networks, but choosing the server that minimizes end-to-end execution time is difficult because server processing, feedforward…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Masaki Nagai , Hideaki Kawaguchi , Shin Nishio , Takahiko Satoh

Superconducting qubits, while promising for scalability and long coherence times, contain more than two energy levels, and therefore are susceptible to errors generated by the leakage of population outside of the computational subspace.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-23 Joydip Ghosh , Austin G. Fowler

Real-time schedulers must reason about tight deadlines under strict compute budgets. We present TempoNet, a reinforcement learning scheduler that pairs a permutation-invariant Transformer with a deep Q-approximation. An Urgency Tokenizer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Rong Fu , Yibo Meng , Guangzhen Yao , Jiaxuan Lu , Zeyu Zhang , Zhaolu Kang , Ziming Guo , Jia Yee Tan , Xiaojing Du , Simon James Fong

Performing entangling gates between physical qubits is necessary for building a large-scale universal quantum computer, but in some physical implementations - for example, those that are based on linear optics or networks of ion traps -…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-20 James M. Auger , Hussain Anwar , Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia , Thomas M. Stace , Dan E. Browne

In order to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computation, we need to repeat the following sequence of four steps: First, perform 1 or 2 qubit quantum gates (in parallel if possible). Second, do a syndrome measurement on a subset of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Harry Buhrman , Marten Folkertsma , Bruno Loff , Niels M. P. Neumann

This work aims to address the bottleneck issues of hardware resource limitation and decoherence error in the Hamiltonian simulation of quantum fluids, which are caused by the standard quantum Fourier transform and the evolution of momentum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Zhiyuan Zhang , Bolin Zhang , Yongguang Lv , Ruiqing He , Hengliang Guo , Jiandong Shang , Qiang Chen

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for scalable quantum computing, yet repeated syndrome-measurement cycles dominate its spacetime and hardware cost. Although stabilizers commute and admit many valid execution orders, different…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yuhao Liu , Shuohao Ping , Junyu Zhou , Ethan Decker , Justin Kalloor , Mathias Weiden , Kean Chen , Yunong Shi , Ali Javadi-Abhari , Costin Iancu , Gushu Li

The suitability of the QDL method for analyzing the performance of ac power systems has been evaluated by application to a microgrid. The QDL method is based on a combination of Quantized State Systems (QSS) methods and the Latency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Navid Gholizadeh , Joseph M. Hood , Roger A. Dougal

This paper analyzes the effective capacity of delay constrained machine type communication (MTC) networks operating in the finite blocklength regime. First, we derive a closed-form mathematical approximation for the effective capacity in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Mohammad Shehab , Endrit Dosti , Hirley Alves , Matti Latva-aho

Quantum computers can be protected from noise by encoding the logical quantum information redundantly into multiple qubits using error correcting codes. When manipulating the logical quantum states, it is imperative that errors caused by…

Achieving practical quantum advantage requires a classical decoding algorithm to identify and correct faults during computation. This classical decoding algorithm must deliver both accuracy and speed, but in what combination? When is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Nicolas Delfosse , Andres Paz , Alexander Vaschillo , Krysta M. Svore

Usual scenarios of fault-tolerant computation are concerned with the fault-tolerant realization of quantum algorithms that compute classical functions, such as Shor's algorithm for factoring. In particular, this means that input and output…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Matthias Christandl , Omar Fawzi , Ashutosh Goswami

The study of the boundary between classically simulable and computationally complex quantum dynamics is fundamental to understanding which physical resources may enable enhanced information-processing capabilities. We investigate this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Moein N. Ivaki , Matias Karjula , Tapio Ala-Nissila

Quantum programs must be reliable to ensure trustworthy results, yet debugging them is notoriously challenging due to quantum-specific faults like gate misimplementations and hardware noise, as well as their inherently probabilistic nature.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Noah H. Oldfield , Christoph Laaber , Shaukat Ali

In this paper we present a generic construction to obtain an optimal T depth quantum circuit for any arbitrary $n$-input $m$-output Boolean function $f: \{0,1\}^n \rightarrow \{0,1\}^m$ having algebraic degree $k\leq n$, and it achieves an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-03 Suman Dutta , Anik Basu Bhaumik , Anupam Chattopadhyay , Subhamoy Maitra

Quantum computation is an attractive front for many problems that are intractable for computers today. One such problem is nonadiabatic quantum molecular dynamics, where quantized internal states coupling to parameterized modes result in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Joshua Courtney

The construction of topological error correction codes requires the ability to fabricate a lattice of physical qubits embedded on a manifold with a non-trivial topology such that the quantum information is encoded in the global degrees of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-18 James M. Auger , Hussain Anwar , Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia , Thomas M. Stace , Dan E. Browne

Estimating delay tail probabilities in scheduling and load balancing systems is a critical but computationally prohibitive task due to the rarity of violation events. Quantum Amplitude Estimation (QAE) offers a generic quadratic reduction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 R. Srikant

We study the impact of static disorder on a globally-controlled superconducting quantum computing architecture based on a quasi-two-dimensional ladder geometry [R. Menta et al., Phys. Rev. Research 7, L012065 (2025)]. Specifically, we…