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Given a text, rank and select queries return the number of occurrences of a character up to a position (rank) or the position of a character with a given rank (select). These queries have applications in, e.g., compression, computational…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Matteo Ceregini , Florian Kurpicz , Rossano Venturini

Rank and select queries on bitmaps are essential building bricks of many compressed data structures, including text indexes, membership and range supporting spatial data structures, compressed graphs, and more. Theoretically considered yet…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Szymon Grabowski , Marcin Raniszewski

One of the central problems in the design of compressed data structures is the efficient support for rank and select queries on bitvectors. These two operations form the backbone of more complex data structures (such as wavelet trees) used…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Eric Chiu , Dominik Kempa

Suffix trees are a fundamental data structure in stringology, but their space usage, though linear, is an important problem for its applications. We design and implement a new compressed suffix tree targeted to highly repetitive texts, such…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Manuel Cáceres , Gonzalo Navarro

An indexed sequence of strings is a data structure for storing a string sequence that supports random access, searching, range counting and analytics operations, both for exact matches and prefix search. String sequences lie at the core of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-17 Roberto Grossi , Giuseppe Ottaviano

We show how to use a balanced wavelet tree as a data structure that stores a list of numbers and supports efficient {\em range quantile queries}. A range quantile query takes a rank and the endpoints of a sublist and returns the number with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Travis Gagie , Simon J. Puglisi , Andrew Turpin

Wavelet trees are widely used in the representation of sequences, permutations, text collections, binary relations, discrete points, and other succinct data structures. We show, however, that this still falls short of exploiting all of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-11-23 Travis Gagie , Gonzalo Navarro , Simon J. Puglisi

The wavelet tree (Grossi et al. [SODA, 2003]) and wavelet matrix (Claude et al. [Inf. Syst., 47:15--32, 2015]) are compact indices for texts over an alphabet $[0,\sigma)$ that support rank, select and access queries in $O(\lg \sigma)$ time.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-13 Johannes Fischer , Florian Kurpicz , Marvin Löbel

The {\em wavelet tree} is a flexible data structure that permits representing sequences $S[1,n]$ of symbols over an alphabet of size $\sigma$, within compressed space and supporting a wide range of operations on $S$. When $\sigma$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-05-07 Francisco Claude , Gonzalo Navarro , Alberto Ordóñez

In many modern applications, including analysis of gene expression and text documents, the data are noisy, high-dimensional, and unordered--with no particular meaning to the given order of the variables. Yet, successful learning is often…

Methodology · Statistics 2008-07-25 Ann B. Lee , Boaz Nadler , Larry Wasserman

We present an improved wavelet tree construction algorithm and discuss its applications to a number of rank/select problems for integer keys and strings. Given a string of length n over an alphabet of size $\sigma\leq n$, our method builds…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Maxim Babenko , Paweł Gawrychowski , Tomasz Kociumaka , Tatiana Starikovskaya

In this paper we introduce a significant improvement to the popular tree-based Stochastic Gradient Boosting algorithm using a wavelet decomposition of the trees. This approach is based on harmonic analysis and approximation theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Shai Dekel , Oren Elisha , Ohad Morgan

The wavelet tree (Grossi et al. [SODA, 2003]) and wavelet matrix (Claude et al. [Inf. Syst., 2015]) are compact data structures with many applications such as text indexing or computational geometry. By continuing the recent research of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Patrick Dinklage

A wavelet forest for a text $T [1..n]$ over an alphabet $\sigma$ takes $n H_0 (T) + o (n \log \sigma)$ bits of space and supports access and rank on $T$ in $O (\log \sigma)$ time. K\"arkk\"ainen and Puglisi (2011) implicitly introduced…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Christina Boucher , Travis Gagie , Aaron Hong , Yansong Li , Norbert Zeh

Ranked document retrieval is a fundamental task in search engines. Such queries are solved with inverted indexes that require additional 45%-80% of the compressed text space, and take tens to hundreds of microseconds per query. In this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Nieves R. Brisaboa , Ana Cerdeira-Pena , Gonzalo Navarro , Oscar Pedreira

Existing parallel algorithms for wavelet tree construction have a work complexity of $O(n\log\sigma)$. This paper presents parallel algorithms for the problem with improved work complexity. Our first algorithm is based on parallel integer…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Julian Shun

Bit vectors with support for fast rank and select are a fundamental building block for compressed data structures. We close a gap between theory and practice by analyzing an important part of the design space and experimentally evaluating a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Florian Kurpicz , Niccolò Rigi-Luperti , Peter Sanders

Dynamic regression trees are an attractive option for automatic regression and classification with complicated response surfaces in on-line application settings. We create a sequential tree model whose state changes in time with the…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-11-23 Matthew A. Taddy , Robert B. Gramacy , Nicholas G. Polson

Succinct data structures give space-efficient representations of large amounts of data without sacrificing performance. They rely one cleverly designed data representations and algorithms. We present here the formalization in Coq/SSReflect…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Reynald Affeldt , Jacques Garrigue , Xuanrui Qi , Kazunari Tanaka

Suffix trees are one of the most versatile data structures in stringology, with many applications in bioinformatics. Their main drawback is their size, which can be tens of times larger than the input sequence. Much effort has been put into…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-18 Andrea Farruggia , Travis Gagie , Gonzalo Navarro , Simon J. Puglisi , Jouni Sirén
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