English
Related papers

Related papers: ARHN: Answer-Centric Relabeling of Hard Negatives …

200 papers

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) has the potential to solve complex long horizon tasks using temporal abstraction and increased exploration. However, hierarchical agents are difficult to train due to inherent non-stationarity. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Utsav Singh , Vinay P. Namboodiri

Deep hashing methods have received much attention recently, which achieve promising results by taking advantage of the strong representation power of deep networks. However, most existing deep hashing methods learn a whole set of hashing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Yuxin Peng , Jian Zhang , Zhaoda Ye

This paper studies the limitations of (retrieval-augmented) large language models (LLMs) in generating diverse and comprehensive responses, and introduces the Plan-and-Refine (P&R) framework based on a two phase system design. In the global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Alireza Salemi , Chris Samarinas , Hamed Zamani

Effective information searching is essential for enhancing the reasoning and generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recent research has explored using reinforcement learning (RL) to improve LLMs' search capabilities by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hao Sun , Zile Qiao , Jiayan Guo , Xuanbo Fan , Yingyan Hou , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Yan Zhang , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge, where the LLM's ability to generate responses based on the combination of a given query and retrieved documents is crucial.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zhehao Tan , Yihan Jiao , Dan Yang , Lei Liu , Jie Feng , Duolin Sun , Yue Shen , Jian Wang , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) facilitates the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human preferences, thereby enhancing the quality of responses generated. A critical component of RLHF is the reward model,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yulan Hu , Qingyang Li , Sheng Ouyang , Ge Chen , Kaihui Chen , Lijun Mei , Xucheng Ye , Fuzheng Zhang , Yong Liu

Text retrieval plays a crucial role in incorporating factual knowledge for decision making into language processing pipelines, ranging from chat-based web search to question answering systems. Current state-of-the-art text retrieval models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ge Gao , Jonathan D. Chang , Claire Cardie , Kianté Brantley , Thorsten Joachim

This paper introduces Golden-Retriever, designed to efficiently navigate vast industrial knowledge bases, overcoming challenges in traditional LLM fine-tuning and RAG frameworks with domain-specific jargon and context interpretation.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zhiyu An , Xianzhong Ding , Yen-Chun Fu , Cheng-Chung Chu , Yan Li , Wan Du

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves Large Language Model (LLM) performance on knowledge-intensive tasks but depends heavily on initial search query quality. Current methods, often using Reinforcement Learning (RL), typically focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Alan Dao , Thinh Le

Despite the syntactic fluency of Large Language Models (LLMs), ensuring their logical correctness in high-stakes domains remains a fundamental challenge. We present a neurosymbolic framework that combines LLMs with SMT solvers to produce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Vikash Singh , Darion Cassel , Nathaniel Weir , Nick Feng , Sam Bayless

Sampling proper negatives from a large document pool is vital to effectively train a dense retrieval model. However, existing negative sampling strategies suffer from the uninformative or false negative problem. In this work, we empirically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Kun Zhou , Yeyun Gong , Xiao Liu , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yelong Shen , Anlei Dong , Jingwen Lu , Rangan Majumder , Ji-Rong Wen , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework for knowledge-intensive tasks, yet its effectiveness in long-context scenarios is often bottlenecked by the retriever's inability to distinguish sparse yet crucial…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hang Ding , Jiawei Zhou , Haiyun Jiang

The strong zero-shot and long-context capabilities of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have paved the way for highly effective re-ranking systems. Attention-based re-rankers leverage attention weights from transformer heads to produce…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Linh Tran , Yulong Li , Radu Florian , Wei Sun

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is a promising approach for training language models (LMs) on reasoning tasks that elicit emergent long chains of thought (CoTs). Unlike supervised learning, it updates the model using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Xinyu Zhu , Mengzhou Xia , Zhepei Wei , Wei-Lin Chen , Danqi Chen , Yu Meng

In precision-oriented tasks like answer ranking, it is more important to rank many relevant answers highly than to retrieve all relevant answers. It follows that a good ranking strategy would be to learn how to identify the easiest correct…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Sean MacAvaney , Franco Maria Nardini , Raffaele Perego , Nicola Tonellotto , Nazli Goharian , Ophir Frieder

Interpretability in black-box dense retrievers remains a central challenge in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). Understanding how queries and documents semantically interact is critical for diagnosing retrieval behavior and improving…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yash Saxena , Ankur Padia , Kalpa Gunaratna , Manas Gaur

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge. However, LLMs still encounter challenges in effectively utilizing the knowledge from retrieved documents,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Mingyan Wu , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Xinze Li , Shi Yu , Zheni Zeng , Yu Gu , Ge Yu

Deep search agents have proven effective in enhancing LLMs by retrieving external knowledge during multi-step reasoning. However, existing methods often generate a single query for retrieval at each reasoning step, limiting information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jiabei Liu , Wenyu Mao , Junfei Tan , Chunxu Shen , Lingling Yi , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang

Most conventional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines rely on relevance-based retrieval, which often misaligns with utility -- that is, whether the retrieved passages actually improve the quality of the generated text specific to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Manish Chandra , Debasis Ganguly , Iadh Ounis

Existing research on large language models (LLMs) shows that they can solve information extraction tasks through multi-step planning. However, their extraction behavior on complex sentences and tasks is unstable, emerging issues such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Zepeng Ding , Ruiyang Ke , Wenhao Huang , Guochao Jiang , Yanda Li , Deqing Yang , Jiaqing Liang