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A classical computer works with ones and zeros, whereas a quantum computer uses ones, zeros, and superpositions of ones and zeros, which enables quantum computers to perform a vast number of calculations simultaneously compared to classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Mhafuzul Islam , Mashrur Chowdhury , Zadid Khan , Sakib Mahmud Khan

In current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, hybrid quantum neural networks (HQNNs) offer a promising solution, combining the strengths of classical machine learning with quantum computing capabilities. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-27 Tasnim Ahmed , Muhammad Kashif , Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique

Semantic segmentation in remote sensing is commonly addressed using classical deep learning architectures such as U-Net, which require a large number of parameters to model complex spatial relationships. Quantum machine learning (QML)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Md Aminur Hossain , Ayush V. Patel , Ikshwaku Vanani , Biplab Banerjee

Hybrid quantum-classical neural networks (HQNNs) are emerging as a practical approach for quantum machine learning in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, as they combine classical learning components with parameterized quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Kashif , Nouhaila Innan , Muhammad Shafique

Deep learning is one of the most successful and far-reaching strategies used in machine learning today. However, the scale and utility of neural networks is still greatly limited by the current hardware used to train them. These concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Davis Arthur , Prasanna Date

This study explores the application of quantum machine learning (QML) algorithms to enhance cybersecurity threat detection, particularly in the classification of malware and intrusion detection within high-dimensional datasets. Classical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Tanya Joshi , Krishnendu Guha

Quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs) offer a promising architecture for near-term quantum machine learning by combining hierarchical feature extraction with modest parameter growth. However, any QCNN operating on classical data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Xingyun Feng

Machine learning (ML) methods such as artificial neural networks are rapidly becoming ubiquitous in modern science, technology and industry. Despite their accuracy and sophistication, neural networks can be easily fooled by carefully…

The emerging paradigm of Quantum Machine Learning (QML) combines features of quantum computing and machine learning (ML). QML enables the generation and recognition of statistical data patterns that classical computers and classical ML…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Zihao Wang , Kar Wai Fok , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Quantum machine learning has emerged as a promising approach to improve feature extraction and classification tasks in high-dimensional data domains such as medical imaging. In this work, we present a hybrid Quantum-Classical Convolutional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Ece Yurtseven

Breast cancer diagnosis through thermographic image analysis remains a critical challenge in medical AI, with classical deep learning approaches facing limitations in complex thermal pattern classification tasks. This paper presents a novel…

Deep Neural Networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, i.e., carefully crafted input samples that can cause models to make incorrect predictions with high confidence. To mitigate these vulnerabilities, adversarial training and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Francesco Villani , Igor Maljkovic , Dario Lazzaro , Angelo Sotgiu , Antonio Emanuele Cinà , Fabio Roli

This study presents a systematic comparison between hybrid quantum-classical neural networks and purely classical models across three benchmark datasets (MNIST, CIFAR100, and STL10) to evaluate their performance, efficiency, and robustness.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Muhammad Adnan Shahzad

A sophisticated hybrid quantum convolutional neural network (HQCNN) is conceived for handling the pilot assignment task in cell-free massive MIMO systems, while maximizing the total ergodic sum throughput. The existing model-based solutions…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Doan Hieu Nguyen , Xuan Tung Nguyen , Seon-Geun Jeong , Trinh Van Chien , Lajos Hanzo , Won Joo Hwang

Machine learning models and their applications, such as autonomous driving systems, are becoming increasingly common and are essential components of human daily life. However, due to their sensitivity to perturbed noise, these models are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Ban Q. Tran , Chuong K. Luong , Viet Q. Nguyen , Duong M. Chu , Susan Mengel

Financial time-series forecasting remains a challenging task due to complex temporal dependencies and market fluctuations. This study explores the potential of hybrid quantum-classical approaches to assist in financial trend prediction by…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-20 Prashant Kumar Choudhary , Nouhaila Innan , Muhammad Shafique , Rajeev Singh

The neural network and quantum computing are both significant and appealing fields, with their interactive disciplines promising for large-scale computing tasks that are untackled by conventional computers. However, both developments are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-22 Feihong Shen , Jun Liu

Quantized neural networks (NN) are the common standard to efficiently deploy deep learning models on tiny hardware platforms. However, we notice that quantized NNs are as vulnerable to adversarial attacks as the full-precision models. With…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Lorena Qendro , Sangwon Ha , René de Jong , Partha Maji

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) integrates quantum computational principles into learning algorithms, offering improved representational capacity and computational efficiency. However, the security and robustness of QML systems remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Saeefa Rubaiyet Nowmi , Jesus Lopez , Md Mahmudul Alam Imon , Shahrooz Pouryousef , Mohammad Saidur Rahman

Hybrid Quantum Neural Networks (HQNNs) have gained attention for their potential to enhance computational performance by incorporating quantum layers into classical neural network (NN) architectures. However, a key question remains: Do…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Muhammad Kashif , Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique