English
Related papers

Related papers: Reasoning as Data: Representation-Computation Unit…

200 papers

One of the main, long-term objectives of artificial intelligence is the creation of thinking machines. To that end, substantial effort has been placed into designing cognitive systems; i.e. systems that can manipulate semantic-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-17 A. Serb , I. Kobyzev , J. Wang , T. Prodromakis

We propose a hybrid architecture that integrates decision tree-based symbolic reasoning with the generative capabilities of large language models (LLMs) within a coordinated multi-agent framework. Unlike prior approaches that loosely couple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Andrew Kiruluta

Syntactic ambiguity abounds in natural language, yet humans have no difficulty coping with it. In fact, the process of ambiguity resolution is almost always unconscious. But it is not infallible, however, as example 1 demonstrates. 1. The…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Michael Niv

Concrete domains have been introduced in the context of Description Logics to allow references to qualitative and quantitative values. In particular, the class of $\omega$-admissible concrete domains, which includes Allen's interval…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Stefan Borgwardt , Filippo De Bortoli , Patrick Koopmann

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems face significant performance gaps when applied to technical domains requiring precise information extraction from complex documents. Current evaluation methodologies relying on document-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Aryan Jadon , Avinash Patil , Shashank Kumar

This paper outlines a general formal framework for reasoning systems, intended to support future analysis of inference architectures across domains. We model reasoning systems as structured tuples comprising phenomena, explanation space,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Saleh Nikooroo , Thomas Engel

ASPIC-style structured argumentation frameworks provide a formal basis for reasoning in artificial intelligence by combining internal argument structure with abstract argumentation semantics. A key challenge in these frameworks is ensuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Marcos Cramer , Tom Friese

The Apperception Engine is an unsupervised learning system. Given a sequence of sensory inputs, it constructs a symbolic causal theory that both explains the sensory sequence and also satisfies a set of unity conditions. The unity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Richard Evans , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , Johannes Welbl , Pushmeet Kohli , Marek Sergot

A novel computing model, called \emph{Probe Machine}, is proposed in this paper. Different from Turing Machine, Probe Machine is a fully-parallel computing model in the sense that it can simultaneously process multiple pairs of data, rather…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-03-01 Jin Xu

Generative LLMs typically improve Named Entity Recognition (NER) performance through instruction tuning. They excel at generating entities by semantic pattern matching but lack an explicit, verifiable reasoning mechanism. This "cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hui Huang , Yanping Chen , Ruizhang Huang , Chuan Lin , Yongbin Qin

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has enabled new forms of AI-assisted reasoning across scientific, technical, and organizational domains. However, prevailing modes of LLM use remain cognitively unstructured: problem…

Masked diffusion language models (MDLMs) are trained to in-fill positions in randomly masked sequences, in contrast to next-token prediction models. Discussions around MDLMs focus on two benefits: (1) any-order decoding and 2) multi-token…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Zachary Horvitz , Raghav Singhal , Hao Zou , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Zhou Yu , Rajesh Ranganath , Kathleen McKeown

Understanding how Large Language Models (LLMs) perform logical reasoning internally remains a fundamental challenge. While prior mechanistic studies focus on identifying taskspecific circuits, they leave open the question of what…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Danchun Chen , Qiyao Yan , Liangming Pan

Clinical AI systems routinely train on health data structurally distorted by documentation workflows, billing incentives, and terminology fragmentation. Prior work has characterised the mechanisms of this distortion: the three-forces model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Florian Odi Stummer

Cognitive Architectures are the forefront of the research into developing an artificial cognition. However, they approach the problem from a separated memory and program model of computation. This model of computation poses a fundamental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Alfredo Ibias , Hector Antona , Guillem Ramirez-Miranda , Enric Guinovart , Eduard Alarcon

Partial Differential Equations are infinite dimensional encoded representations of physical processes. However, imbibing multiple observation data towards a coupled representation presents significant challenges. We present a fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Gurpreet Singh , Soumyajit Gupta , Matt Lease , Clint N. Dawson

Long-horizon enterprise agents make high-stakes decisions (loan underwriting, claims adjudication, clinical review, prior authorization) under lossy memory, multi-step reasoning, and binding regulatory constraints. Current evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Vasundra Srininvasan

We present a no-code Artificial Intelligence (AI) platform called Trinity with the main design goal of enabling both machine learning researchers and non-technical geospatial domain experts to experiment with domain-specific signals and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-02 C. V. Krishnakumar Iyer , Feili Hou , Henry Wang , Yonghong Wang , Kay Oh , Swetava Ganguli , Vipul Pandey

Humans are black boxes -- we cannot observe their neural processes, yet society functions by evaluating verifiable arguments. AI explainability should follow this principle: stakeholders need verifiable reasoning chains, not mechanistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ege Cakar , Per Ola Kristensson

To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP). Tabling is a commonly used technique in logic programming for avoiding cyclic behavior of logic programs and enabling more declarative program definitions. Furthermore, tabling…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Thepfrastos Mantadelis , Ricardo Rocha , Paulo Moura