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Contrastive learning (CL) benefits the training of sequential recommendation models with informative self-supervision signals. Existing solutions apply general sequential data augmentation strategies to generate positive pairs and encourage…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Peilin Zhou , Jingqi Gao , Yueqi Xie , Qichen Ye , Yining Hua , Jae Boum Kim , Shoujin Wang , Sunghun Kim

Timely and interpretable early warning of sepsis remains a major clinical challenge due to the complex temporal dynamics of physiological deterioration. Traditional data-driven models often provide accurate yet opaque predictions, limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Weizhi Nie , Zhen Qu , Weijie Wang , Chunpei Li , Ke Lu , Bingyang Zhou , Hongzhi Yu

Recent generative models have significantly advanced speech restoration tasks, yet their training objectives often misalign with human perceptual preferences, resulting in suboptimal quality. While post-training alignment has proven…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Junan Zhang , Xueyao Zhang , Jing Yang , Yuancheng Wang , Fan Fan , Zhizheng Wu

Post-stroke patient rehabilitation requires precise, personalized treatment plans. Natural Language Processing (NLP) offers potential to extract valuable exercise information from clinical notes, aiding in the development of more effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Sonish Sivarajkumar , Fengyi Gao , Parker E. Denny , Bayan M. Aldhahwani , Shyam Visweswaran , Allyn Bove , Yanshan Wang

Reinforcement learning agents are fundamentally limited by the quality of the reward functions they learn from, yet reward design is often overlooked under the assumption that a well-defined reward is readily available. However, in…

Preference-based Reinforcement Learning (PbRL) is a paradigm in which an RL agent learns to optimize a task using pair-wise preference-based feedback over trajectories, rather than explicit reward signals. While PbRL has demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Wenhao Zhan , Masatoshi Uehara , Wen Sun , Jason D. Lee

Protein language models (PLMs) have advanced computational protein science through large-scale pretraining and scalable architectures. In parallel, reinforcement learning (RL) has broadened exploration and enabled precise multi-objective…

Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of mortality in intensive care units, where timely and accurate treatment decisions can significantly impact patient outcomes. In this work, we propose an interpretable decision support framework.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Punit Kumar , Vaibhav Saran , Divyesh Patel , Nitin Kulkarni , Alina Vereshchaka

Heterogeneous sequential recommendation (HSR) aims to learn dynamic behavior dependencies from the diverse behaviors of user-item interactions to facilitate precise sequential recommendation. Despite many efforts yielding promising…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Jing Xiao , Dongqi Wu , Liwei Pan , Yawen Luo , Weike Pan , Zhong Ming

Large language models have shown promise in clinical decision making, but current approaches struggle to localize and correct errors at specific steps of the reasoning process. This limitation is critical in medicine, where identifying and…

The advent of predictive methodologies has catalyzed the emergence of data-driven decision support across various domains. However, developing models capable of effectively handling input time series data presents an enduring challenge.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Yijun Li , Mengzhuo Guo , Miłosz Kadziński , Qingpeng Zhang

Drawing an inspiration from behavioral studies of human decision making, we propose here a more general and flexible parametric framework for reinforcement learning that extends standard Q-learning to a two-stream model for processing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Baihan Lin , Guillermo Cecchi , Djallel Bouneffouf , Jenna Reinen , Irina Rish

Sequential recommendation (SR) models often capture user preferences based on the historically interacted item IDs, which usually obtain sub-optimal performance when the interaction history is limited. Content-based sequential…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Donglin Zhou , Weike Pan , Zhong Ming

Accurate prediction of future risk and disease progression in sepsis is clinically important for early warning and timely intervention in intensive care. However, short-window sepsis prediction remains challenging, because shorter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Honglin Guo , Rihao Chang , He Jiao , Weizhi Nie , Zhongheng Zhang , Yuehao Shen

Deep learning-based drug response prediction (DRP) methods can accelerate the drug discovery process and reduce R\&D costs. Although the mainstream methods achieve high accuracy in predicting response regression values, the regression-aware…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-19 Kun Li , Wenbin Hu

We define a novel neuro-symbolic framework, argumentative reward learning, which combines preference-based argumentation with existing approaches to reinforcement learning from human feedback. Our method improves prior work by generalising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Francis Rhys Ward , Francesco Belardinelli , Francesca Toni

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes and usually takes decades to reach sight-threatening levels. Accurate and robust detection of DR severity is critical for the timely management and treatment of diabetes. However, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Qinkai Yu , Jianyang Xie , Anh Nguyen , He Zhao , Jiong Zhang , Huazhu Fu , Yitian Zhao , Yalin Zheng , Yanda Meng

We introduce a new preference-based framework for conditional treatment effect estimation and policy learning, built on the Conditional Preference-based Treatment Effect (CPTE). CPTE requires only that outcomes be ranked under a preference…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-04 Dovid Parnas , Mathieu Even , Julie Josse , Uri Shalit

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely applied in recommendation systems due to its potential in optimizing the long-term engagement of users. From the perspective of RL, recommendation can be formulated as a Markov decision process…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Chengpeng Li , Zhengyi Yang , Jizhi Zhang , Jiancan Wu , Dingxian Wang , Xiangnan He , Xiang Wang

Predicting cancer treatment outcomes requires models that are both accurate and interpretable, particularly in the presence of heterogeneous clinical data. While large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance in biomedical NLP,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Raghu Vamshi Hemadri , Geetha Krishna Guruju , Kristi Topollai , Anna Ewa Choromanska