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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces enable active control of wireless propagation channels, which is crucial for future 5G and 6G networks. This work presents a scalable RIS design operating at 3.6 GHz with both 1 bit and 3 bit phase…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Markus Heinrichs , Aydin Sezgin , Rainer Kronberger

One of the key enablers of future wireless communications is constituted by massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which can improve the spectral efficiency by orders of magnitude. However, in existing massive MIMO systems,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Linglong Dai , Bichai Wang , Min Wang , Xue Yang , Jingbo Tan , Shuangkaisheng Bi , Shenheng Xu , Fan Yang , Zhi Chen , Marco Di Renzo , Lajos Hanzo

The advent of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) in wireless communication networks unlocks the way to support high frequency radio access (e.g. in millimeter wave) while overcoming their sensitivity to the presence of deep fading…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Fatima Ezzahra Airod , Mattia Merluzzi , Paolo Di Lorenzo , Emilio Calvanese Strinati

In this letter, we investigate joint application of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) and vertical beamforming in cognitive radio networks (CRN). After properly modeling the network, an optimization problem is formed to jointly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-17 S. Fatemeh Zamanian , S. Mohammad Razavizadeh , Qingqing Wu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful machine learning models that excel at analyzing structured data represented as graphs, demonstrating remarkable performance in applications like social network analysis and recommendation systems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-28 Yidong Liao , Xiao-Ming Zhang , Chris Ferrie

Physical-layer key generation (PKG) exploits the reciprocity and randomness of wireless channels to generate a symmetric key between two legitimate communication ends. However, in multi-cell systems, PKG suffers from severe pilot…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Lei Hu , Chen Sun , Guyue Li , Aiqun Hu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

Reconfigurable intelligent surface has attracted the attention of academia and industry as soon as it appears because it can flexibly manipulate the electromagnetic characteristics of wireless channel. Especially in the past one or two…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Yajun Zhao , Mengnan Jian

A potential candidate technology for the development of future 6G networks has been recognized as Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS). However, due to the variation in radio link quality, traditional passive RISs only accomplish a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Rashed Hasan Ratul , Muhammad Iqbal , Tabinda Ashraf , Jen-Yi Pan , Yi-Han Wang , Shao-Yu Lien

The reconfigurable intelligent surface is an emerging technology for wireless communications. We model it as an inhomogeneous boundary of surface impedance, and consider various optimization problems that offer different tradeoffs in terms…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-27 M. W. Shabir , M. Di Renzo , A. Zappone , M. Debbah

The complexity of large-scale 6G-and-beyond networks demands innovative approaches for multi-objective optimization over vast search spaces, a task often intractable. Quantum computing (QC) emerges as a promising technology for efficient…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Sebastian Macaluso , Giovanni Geraci , Elías F. Combarro , Sergi Abadal , Ioannis Arapakis , Sofia Vallecorsa , Eduard Alarcón

Due to the development of communication technology and the rise of user network demand, a reasonable resource allocation for wireless networks is the key to guaranteeing regular operation and improving system performance. Various frequency…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Yuanyuan Qiao , Yong Niu , Zhu Han , Shiwen Mao , Ruisi He , Ning Wang , Zhangdui Zhong , Bo Ai

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) provides a practical route for estimating reliable observables on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Traditional QEM strategies, including zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Huaxin Wang , Xinge Wu , Jiajun Liu , Ruiqing He , Jiandong Shang , Hengliang Guo , Qiang Chen

Graphs are a fundamental representation of complex, nonlinear structured data across various domains, including social networks and quantum systems. Quantum Graph Recurrent Neural Networks (QGRNNs) have been proposed to model quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Jawaher Kaldari , Saif Al-Kuwari

Distributed Quantum Computing (DQC) enables scalability by interconnecting multiple QPUs. Among various DQC implementations, quantum data centers (QDCs), which utilize reconfigurable optical switch networks to link QPUs across different…

Quantum machine learning is a fast-emerging field that aims to tackle machine learning using quantum algorithms and quantum computing. Due to the lack of physical qubits and an effective means to map real-world data from Euclidean space to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-22 Xing Ai , Zhihong Zhang , Luzhe Sun , Junchi Yan , Edwin Hancock

Sensing-assisted communication schemes have recently garnered significant research attention. In this work, we design a dual-function reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), integrating both active and passive elements, referred to as the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Cheng Luo , Luping Xiang , Jie Hu , Kun Yang

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are considered a key enabler to achieve the vision of Smart Radio Environments, where the propagation environment can be programmed and controlled to enhance the efficiency of wireless systems.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Charbel Bou Chaaya , Mohamad Assaad , Tijani Chahed

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are typically used in multi-user systems to mitigate interference among active transmitters. In contrast, this paper studies a setting with a conventional active encoder as well as a passive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Roy Karasik , Osvaldo Simeone , Marco Di Renzo , Shlomo Shamai

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are envisioned as a key enabler for next-generation wireless networks, offering programmable control over propagation environments. While extensive research focuses on planar RIS architectures,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 Mohamadreza Delbari , Ehsan Mohammadi , Mostafa Darabi , Arash Asadi , Alejandro Jiménez-Sáez , Vahid Jamali

As a novel approach to flexibly adjust the wireless environment, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have shown significant application potential across various domains, including wireless communication, radar detection, and the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-02-26 Zhen Zhang , Qiang Chen