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Normalizing flows have been successfully modeling a complex probability distribution as an invertible transformation of a simple base distribution. However, there are often applications that require more than invertibility. For instance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Seongmin Hong , Se Young Chun

We explain four variants of an adaptive finite element method with cubic splines and compare their performance in simple elliptic model problems. The methods in comparison are Truncated Hierarchical B-splines with two different refinement…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-05 Paul Hennig , Markus Kästner , Philipp Morgenstern , Daniel Peterseim

We propose a novel method to model nonlinear regression problems by adapting the principle of penalization to Partial Least Squares (PLS). Starting with a generalized additive model, we expand the additive component of each variable in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-08-13 Nicole Kraemer , Anne-Laure Boulesteix , Gerhard Tutz

PieceWise Affine (PWA) approximations for nonlinear functions have been extensively used for tractable, computationally efficient control of nonlinear systems. However, reaching a desired approximation accuracy without prior information…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Leila Gharavi , Bart De Schutter , Simone Baldi

A new orthogonal decomposition for bivariate probability densities embedded in Bayes Hilbert spaces is derived. It allows one to represent a density into independent and interactive parts, the former being built as the product of revised…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-25 Karel Hron , Jitka Machalová , Alessandra Menafoglio

A Bayesian approach to nonlinear inverse problems is considered where the unknown quantity (input) is a random spatial field. The forward model is complex and non-linear, therefore computationally expensive. An emulator-based methodology is…

Applications · Statistics 2021-05-11 Anirban Mondal , Bani Mallick

Surface-subsurface flow models for hydrological applications solve a coupled multiphysics problem. This usually consists of some form of the Richards and shallow water equations. A typical setup couples these two nonlinear partial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Valentina Schüller , Philipp Birken , Andreas Dedner

Isogeometric Analysis is a variant of the finite element method, where spline functions are used for the representation of both the geometry and the solution. Splines, particularly those with higher degree, achieve their full approximation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Stefan Takacs , Stefan Tyoler

A topology optimization method is presented for the design of periodic microstructured materials with prescribed homogenized nonlinear constitutive properties over finite strain ranges. The mechanical model assumes linear elastic isotropic…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Reza Behrou , Maroun Abi Ghanem , Brianna C. Macnider , Vimarsh Verma , Ryan Alvey , Jinho Hong , Ashley F. Emery , Hyunsun Alicia Kim , Nicholas Boechler

Parametric surrogate models of electric machines are widely used for efficient design optimization and operational monitoring. Addressing geometry variations, spline-based computer-aided design representations play a pivotal role. In this…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Merle Backmeyer , Michael Wiesheu , Sebastian Schöps

Detecting slender, overlapping structures remains a challenge in computational microscopy. While recent coordinate-based approaches improve detection, they often produce less accurate splines than pixel-based methods. We introduce a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Frans Zdyb , Albert Alonso , Julius B. Kirkegaard

In the present work we introduce a complete set of algorithms to efficiently perform adaptive refinement and coarsening by exploiting truncated hierarchical B-splines (THB-splines) defined on suitably graded isogeometric meshes, that are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Massimo Carraturo , Carlotta Giannelli , Alessandro Reali , Rafael Vázquez

There are many situations when modelling environmental phenomena for which it is not appropriate to assume a stationary dependence structure. \cite{sampson1992} proposed an approach to allowing nonstationarity in dependence based on a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-22 Benjamin D. Youngman

Data-driven discovery of governing equations from data remains a fundamental challenge in nonlinear dynamics. Although sparse regression techniques have advanced system identification, they struggle with rational functions and noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zitong Zhang , Hao Sun

We outline the construction of compatible B-splines on 3D surfaces that satisfy the continuity requirements for electromagnetic scattering analysis with the boundary element method (method of moments). Our approach makes use of Non-Uniform…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-04 Robert N. Simpson , Zhaowei Liu , Ráfael Vazquez , John A. Evans

We present an adaptive reduced-order model for the efficient time-resolved simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems with complex and non-linear deformations. The model is based on repeated linearizations of the structural balance…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-04-13 Ali Thari , Vito Pasquariello , Niels Aage , Stefan Hickel

We introduce an adaptive scattered data fitting scheme as extension of local least squares approximations to hierarchical spline spaces. To efficiently deal with non-trivial data configurations, the local solutions are described in terms of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-28 Cesare Bracco , Carlotta Giannelli , Alessandra Sestini

We consider the problem of simultaneous variable selection and constant coefficient identification in high-dimensional varying coefficient models based on B-spline basis expansion. Both objectives can be considered as some type of model…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-08-16 Heng Lian

Nonlinear dynamics are ubiquitous in science and engineering applications, but the physics of most complex systems is far from being fully understood. Discovering interpretable governing equations from measurement data can help us…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Luning Sun , Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Hao Sun , Jian-Xun Wang

The present paper is concerned with new Besov-type space of variable smoothness. Nonlinear spline-approximation approach is used to give atomic decomposition of such space. Characterization of the trace space on hyperplane is also obtained.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-09-02 A. I. Tyulenev