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These recent years have witnessed that convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods for detecting infrared small targets have achieved outstanding performance. However, these methods typically employ standard convolutions, neglecting to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Jiangnan Yang , Shuangli Liu , Jingjun Wu , Xinyu Su , Nan Hai , Xueli Huang

Recently, infrared small target detection (IRSTD) has been dominated by deep-learning-based methods. However, these methods mainly focus on the design of complex model structures to extract discriminative features, leaving the loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Qiankun Liu , Rui Liu , Bolun Zheng , Hongkui Wang , Ying Fu

Previous work generally believes that improving the spatial invariance of convolutional networks is the key to object counting. However, after verifying several mainstream counting networks, we surprisingly found too strict pixel-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Zhi-Qi Cheng , Qi Dai , Hong Li , JingKuan Song , Xiao Wu , Alexander G. Hauptmann

We propose a target driven adaptive (TDA) loss to enhance the performance of infrared small target detection (IRSTD). Prior works have used loss functions, such as binary cross-entropy loss and IoU loss, to train segmentation models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yuho Shoji , Takahiro Toizumi , Atsushi Ito

Infrared small target detection(IRSTD) is widely recognized as a challenging task due to the inherent limitations of infrared imaging, including low signal-to-noise ratios, lack of texture details, and complex background interference. While…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Yuxin Jing , Yuchen Zheng , Jufeng Zhao , Guangmang Cui , Tianpei Zhang

Single-frame infrared small target detection is considered to be a challenging task, due to the extreme imbalance between target and background, bounding box regression is extremely sensitive to infrared small target, and target information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Bo Yang , Xinyu Zhang , Jian Zhang , Jun Luo , Mingliang Zhou , Yangjun Pi

Spatial optimization is often overlooked in many computer vision tasks. Filters should be able to recognize the features of an object regardless of where it is in the image. Similarity search is a crucial task where spatial features decide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Md. Farhadul Islam , Md. Tanzim Reza , Meem Arafat Manab , Mohammad Rakibul Hasan Mahin , Sarah Zabeen , Jannatun Noor

Training a convolutional neural network (CNN) to detect infrared small targets in a fully supervised manner has gained remarkable research interests in recent years, but is highly labor expensive since a large number of per-pixel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Xinyi Ying , Li Liu , Yingqian Wang , Ruojing Li , Nuo Chen , Zaiping Lin , Weidong Sheng , Shilin Zhou

Computer vision researchers have extensively worked on fundamental infrared visual recognition for the past few decades. Among various approaches, deep learning has emerged as the most promising candidate. However, Infrared Small Object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Imad Ali Shah , Fahad Mumtaz Malik , Muhammad Waqas Ashraf

Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) have shown excellent results on many visual classification tasks. With the exception of ImageNet, these datasets are carefully crafted such that objects are well-aligned at similar scales. Naturally,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-12-17 Angjoo Kanazawa , Abhishek Sharma , David Jacobs

Alignment between non-rigid stretchable structures is one of the most challenging tasks in computer vision, as the invariant properties are hard to define, and there is no labeled data for real datasets. We present unsupervised neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Idan Pazi , Dvir Ginzburg , Dan Raviv

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) has a wide range of applications in early warning, rescue, and guidance. However, CNN based deep learning methods are not effective at segmenting infrared small target (IRST) that it lack of clear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Peiwen Pan , Huan Wang , Chenyi Wang , Chang Nie

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) plays a pivotal role in a broad spectrum of mission-critical applications, including maritime surveillance, military search and rescue, early warning systems, and precision-guided strikes, all of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yingming Zhang , Wuqi Su , Qing Xiao , Yonggang Yang

Unlike standard object classification, where the image to be classified contains one or multiple instances of the same object, indoor scene classification is quite different since the image consists of multiple distinct objects. Further,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-03 Munawar Hayat , Salman H. Khan , Mohammed Bennamoun , Senjian An

Infrared Small Target Detection (IRSTD) aims to segment small targets from infrared clutter background. Existing methods mainly focus on discriminative approaches, i.e., a pixel-level front-background binary segmentation. Since infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Haoqing Li , Jinfu Yang , Yifei Xu , Runshi Wang

Detecting objects from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) is often hindered by a large number of small objects, resulting in low detection accuracy. To address this issue, mainstream approaches typically utilize multi-stage inferences. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Fan Liu , Liang Yao , Chuanyi Zhang , Ting Wu , Xinlei Zhang , Xiruo Jiang , Jun Zhou

Due to the complicated background and noise of infrared images, infrared small target detection is one of the most difficult problems in the field of computer vision. In most existing studies, semantic segmentation methods are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Yuhang Chen , Liyuan Li , Xin Liu , Xiaofeng Su , Fansheng Chen

Majority of the current dimensionality reduction or retrieval techniques rely on embedding the learned feature representations onto a computable metric space. Once the learned features are mapped, a distance metric aids the bridging of gaps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Muhammad Kamran Janjua , Shah Nawaz , Alessandro Calefati , Ignazio Gallo

Infrared and visible image fusion aims to integrate complementary information from co-registered source images to produce a single, informative result. Most learning-based approaches train with a combination of structural similarity loss,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Kaixuan Yang , Wei Xiang , Zhenshuai Chen , Tong Jin , Yunpeng Liu

As an essential vision task, infrared small target detection (IRSTD) has seen significant advancements through deep learning. However, critical limitations in current evaluation protocols impede further progress. First, existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Youwei Pang , Xiaoqi Zhao , Lihe Zhang , Huchuan Lu , Georges El Fakhri , Xiaofeng Liu , Shijian Lu
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